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Graphene Oxides (GOs) with Different Lateral Dimensions and Thicknesses Affect the Molecular Response in Chironomus riparius

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dc.contributor.authorMartín Folgar, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorEsteban Arranz, Adrián
dc.contributor.authorNegri, Viviana
dc.contributor.authorMorales Camarzana, Consolación Mónica
dc.contributor.funderAgencia Estatal de Investigación
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-21T08:09:32Z
dc.date.available2025-10-21T08:09:32Z
dc.date.issued2023-03-07
dc.descriptionThe registered version of this article, first published in “Nanomaterials, vol. 13, 2023", is available online at the publisher's website: MDPI, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13060967 La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en “Nanomaterials, vol. 13, 2023", está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: MDPI, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13060967
dc.descriptionPrograma Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad (Spain), Grant RTI2018-094598-B-100
dc.description.abstractGraphene oxide (GO) materials possess physicochemical properties that facilitate their application in the industrial and medical sectors. The use of graphene may pose a threat to biota, especially aquatic life. In addition, the properties of nanomaterials can differentially affect cell and molecular responses. Therefore, it is essential to study and define the possible genotoxicity of GO materials to aquatic organisms and their ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the changes in the expression of 11 genes in the aquatic organism Chironomus riparius after 96 h of exposure to small GOs (sGO), large GOs (lGO) and monolayer GOs (mlGO) at 50, 500 and 3000 μg/L. Results showed that the different genes encoding heat shock proteins (hsp90, hsp70 and hsp27) were overexpressed after exposure to these nanomaterials. In addition, ATM and NLK—the genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms—were altered at the transcriptional level. DECAY, an apoptotic caspase, was only activated by larger size GO materials, mlGO and lGO. Finally, the gene encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) showed higher expression in the mlG O-treated larvae. The lGO and mlGO treatments indicated high mRNA levels of a developmental gene (FKBP39) and an endocrine pathway-related gene (DRONC). These two genes were only activated by the larger GO materials. The results indicate that larger and thicker GO nanomaterials alter the transcription of genes involved in cellular stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, endocrine and development in C. riparius. This shows that various cellular processes are modified and affected, providing some of the first evidence for the action mechanisms of GOs in invertebrates. In short, the alterations produced by graphene materials should be further studied to evaluate their effect on the biota to show a more realistic scenario of what is happening at the molecular level.en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2025-10-21T08:09:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MartinFolgar_Raquel_Graphene Oxides in C ripa_RAQUEL MARTIN FOLGAR.pdf: 1981353 bytes, checksum: fbd71c2f1fc7cd266c8d070e3c33f5b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2023-03-07en
dc.description.versionversión publicada
dc.identifier.citationMartin-Folgar, R.; Esteban-Arranz, A.; Negri, V.; Morales, M. Graphene Oxides (GOs) with Different Lateral Dimensions and Thicknesses Affect the Molecular Response in Chironomus riparius. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13060967
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nano13060967
dc.identifier.issn2079-4991
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/30540
dc.journal.issue6
dc.journal.titleNanomaterials
dc.journal.volume13
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.centerFacultad de Ciencias
dc.relation.departmentFísica Matemática y de Fluídos
dc.relation.projectidinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/ Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094598-B-100/ES/CAMBIO GLOBAL Y CONTAMINACIÓN: ESTANDARIZACIÓN DEL ESTUDIO DE LA RESPUESTA CELULAR Y MOLECULAR ADAPTATIVA AL MULTIESTRÉS EN INVERTEBRADOS ACUÁTICOS
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject22 Física
dc.subject.keywordsgraphene oxideen
dc.subject.keywordsfreshwater ecotoxicologyen
dc.subject.keywordsoxidative stressen
dc.subject.keywordsChironomus ripariusen
dc.subject.keywordsmolecular responseen
dc.titleGraphene Oxides (GOs) with Different Lateral Dimensions and Thicknesses Affect the Molecular Response in Chironomus ripariusen
dc.typeartículoes
dc.typejournal articleen
dspace.entity.typePublication
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryaa546ae3-0398-4b31-a9c4-da2f3ff2b802
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