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Publicación Modelos de identidad femenina en el teatro de "Halma Angélico"(Society of Spanish & Spanish-American Studies, 2015) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaPublicación Compromiso, identidad y vanguardia en "Los bancos del Prado", de Luisa Carnés(Anales de la literatura española contemporánea, ALEC, 2020) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaPublicación From chasing populists to deconstructing populism: a new multidimensional approach to understanding and comparing populism.(Wiley, 2020-11-21) Olivas Osuna, José JavierThis paper challenges some widespread theoretical assumptions and practices in the study of populism and proposes a new multidimensional approach to generate and analyse data on this latent construct. Rather than focusing on categorising subjects as populists or not, it recommends reaching a better understanding of what populism is, the salience and relative weight of its attributes and how they interact creating an inner populist logic. Despite the increasing media and academic attention, historical discrepancies in how to conceptualise and operationalise populism have hindered cumulative progress in the literature. Initially most efforts were devoted to the study of specific movements, without a clear comparative angle, and the concept of populism was often conflated with that of nationalism. When the literature started to pay more attention to the analysis of the attributes associated with populism serious disagreements emerged concerning its true essence. Populism has been conceptualised as an ideology, a cynical strategy, a performative style and a discursive logic of articulation. The disputes between these competing interpretations have arguably slowed down the generation of comparative data. Although this article is meant to be a critique of the current state of the field and a call to make it pivot into a slightly different direction, it does not adopt an iconoclast stance and largely tries to reconcile the different existing research traditions – ideational, discursive, performative and strategic. It shows that their efforts are to a great extent complementary but mostly operating on different rungs of the ladder of abstraction. This paper argues that shifting from minimal definitions into a multidimensional approach may stimulate the generation of comparative data on a wider range of attributes and facilitate the identification of degrees and varieties within populism. This paper develops a new analytical framework which deconstructs populism into five dimensions: (1) depiction of the polity, (2) morality, (3) construction of society, (4) sovereignty and (5) leadership. These dimensions, that synthesise the most influential conceptualisations of populism, are empirically and theoretically interconnected and encompass ideational, discursive and performative attributes suggested in the literature. These dimensions are in turn composed of lower order attributes forming a multilayered network structure. This multidimensional framework provides a heuristic template that can be adapted and operationalised in diverse ways depending on the hypotheses, type of data and subjects of the analysis. Some examples of how to turn these dimensions into variables to capture supply- and demand-side populism are introduced. Future empirical research could help map and better understand the network of interactions and intersections among these dimensions and attributes. This could be the key to settle some of the current conceptual debates about populism and its varieties.Publicación COVID-19: a political virus? VOX’s populist discourse in times of crisis(Frontiers, 2021-06-18) Olivas Osuna, José Javier; Rama, JoséSpain has been one of the hardest hit countries by the COVID-19 pandemic, and this crisis presented a window of opportunity for VOX, as it has for other far right parties, to raise its visibility as opposition force. This paper investigates whether the discourse of VOX has evolved during the pandemic and affected the political dynamics in Spain. This article proposes a new multidimensional strategy to measure the degree of populism in political communications, via quantitative and qualitative content analysis. It dissects the parliamentary speeches of the leader of VOX, Santiago Abascal, in the debates for the approval and extension of the “state of alarm” to fight against COVID-19 between March and June 2020. In order to assess the changes and relative intensity of populist features in Abascal’s parliamentary speeches we compared them with his speech during Pedro Sánchez’s investiture session as the Spanish President of the Government, in January 2020, and VOX’s latest political manifestos—2019 European and Spanish General Elections—, as well as with speeches of the representatives of the five main parties and coalitions during the COVID-19 debates in the Spanish Congress.Our paper shows that populists’ discourses are context-dependent and that their performances are not only shaped by crisis but also constitutive of crisis. The density of populist references in Abascal’s speeches grew steadily during the period analysed. Morality and antagonism overshadowed sovereignty and society as key populist attributes, and the tone of the discourse became increasingly hyperbolic. Moreover, Abascal’s discursive performances had a sort of contagion effect in other parties in the parliamentary sessions studied. People’s Party (Partido Popular–PP) leader Pablo Casado chose to follow VOX and harshly criticized the government, meanwhile the discourses of the speakers of Together We Can (Unidas Podemos–UP) and Catalan Republican Left (Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya–ERC), adopted a demonizing rhetoric against VOX and PP also grounded on a populist logic of articulation. This polarizing dynamic between competing Manichean discourses contributed to reinforce the sense of crisis by adding a political dimension to the already existing health and economic problems.Publicación Narcisismo colectivo, populismo y perfiles políticos en Andalucía y Cataluña(Fundación CENTRA, 2022-02-27) Arias, Manuel; Olivas Osuna, José Javier; Clari, Enrique; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1448-4379; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2941-0332Este artículo analiza la relación entre populismo y narcisismo colectivo a partir de los datos empíricos proporcionados por una encuesta de opinión realizada en Andalucía y Cataluña. Por narcisimo colectivo hay que entender la creencia de que el grupo al que se pertenece es excepcional y carece del reconocimiento que merece. En principio, cabría esperar que el narcisismo colectivo fuese un predictor del populismo, ya que este último se basa en la creación de un antagonismo moralista entre el pueblo auténtico y sus enemigos. Los resultados de la encuesta sugieren que la relación entre narcisismo, populismo e identidades es compleja y se encuentra mediada por factores contextuales de carácter social y político; así sucede con la identificación lingüística en Cataluña en el marco del conflicto separatista. Hallazgo adicional del trabajo es la insuficiencia de la escala de Akkerman et al. (2014) a la hora de identificar el populismo de izquierda.Publicación Populism Analytical Tools to Unearth the Roots of Euroscepticism(Sage Journals, 2023-10-09) Olivas Osuna, José JavierPopulist leaders around the globe magnify pre-existing frustrations and dramatise crises to erode confidence in elites and institutions. They adapt their othering and blame attribution discourses to specific geographical realities to take advantage of local problems and prejudices. Most Eurosceptic parties apply a similar populist logic of articulation simplifying political problems, morally delegitimising their political adversaries and supranational institutions, appealing to an idealised and somewhat homogeneous notion of society as well as presenting popular sovereignty as threatened by Brussels and mainstream parties. Populism literature has developed theories and measurement tools that are very useful to explain the emergence of Eurosceptic movements and to what extent their narratives resonate with citizen’s pre-existing attitudes and/or contribute to shaping them. This article shows the value of using populism as an epistemic framework to analyse Euroscepticism and understand how parties tailor their messages (supply-side) to trigger specific beliefs and behaviours (demand-side) in the inhabitants of different geographic contexts.Publicación A fence of opportunity: on how Vox radical right populist narratives frame and fuel crises in the border between Spain and Morocco(John Benjamins, 2024-03-07) Olivas Osuna, José JavierThis article deconstructs the parliamentary discourses regarding two migratory incidents in Ceuta, May 2021, and Melilla, June 2022, when hundreds of people attempted to cross the fences that separate Morocco from Spain. Most of them were immediately deported, many injured, and several died. This analysis compares the density of populist, anti-populist, re-bordering, and de-bordering references in forty-five speeches at the Spanish Congress regarding both tragic events. Vox speakers articulate a distinct discourse that instrumentalises these incidents to convey a sense of existential crisis and to (re)define a populist right-wing political identity based on moral hierarchies, a homogenising conception of society and the exclusion of a dangerous “other.” Meanwhile some parties applied a populist logic to promote de-bordering views and others combined re-bordering and de-bordering claims without imposing a populist frame. This was an opportunity to exhibit a progressive sense of place in borderlands contrasting with Vox’s reactionary one.Publicación Populism at the UN: comparing Netanyahu's and Abbas's speeches, 2010-19(Taylor and Francis Group, 2024-04-23) Olivas Osuna, José Javier; Burton, Guy; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4361-3678Populism impacts policy choices and may contribute to fuelling crises and limiting the prospects for conflict resolution. This paper applies a multidimensional populism theoretical framework to compare quantitatively and qualitatively 18 speeches by Mahmoud Abbas and Benjamin Netanyahu at the United Nations General Assembly between 2010 and 2019. Our analysis shows that while both Abbas and Netanyahu use populist language—mostly focused on antagonistic, moral and idealised depictions of the ‘people’ and the ‘other’—the latter consistently displayed a greater density of populist references in his UN speeches over the period analysed. Netanyahu’s discourses were both more aggressive and exclusionary and made more allusions to religion and securitisation than those of the Palestinian leader. His framing essentialised the ‘us’ (‘the Jewish people’) as threatened by an ‘enemy’; what he called ‘militant Islam’. By contrast, Abbas referred more to borders as a requirement for statehood. Their different communicative frames and language suggest discrepant worldviews. Abbas’s speeches reflected a more ‘liberal’ conception of international relations, relying more on international cooperation, institutions, and regulation to resolve the Palestinian question, while Netanyahu conveyed a realpolitik stance and stressed his concerns with external threats and willingness to act unilaterally.Publicación Imágenes femeninas en la poesía de raigambre popular de las escritoras españolas de la Edad de Plata (1900-1936)(Universidad de Alicante, 2023) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaEn las últimas décadas, se ha producido una importante labor de recuperación y visibilización de las poetas activas en el primer tercio del siglo XX, lo que ha redundado en una ampliación de la nómina y en un mejor conocimiento de las trayectorias biográficas y literarias de muchas de estas figuras. En el presente artículo abordamos el estudio de la producción poética de algunas de estas autoras que hasta la fecha han recibido una menor atención crítica y cultivaron un tipo de poesía popular. El mismo está caracterizado por seguir, de modo más o menos fiel y sin apenas incorporar innovaciones, los moldes del género. A la hora de llevar a cabo el análisis de este corpus de textos líricos, se adoptará un enfoque de género, de modo que, tras un apartado introductorio referido a cuestiones formales, el artículo se centra en el estudio de los modelos de identidad femenina planteados por estas autoras en su creación, poniendo, para ello, el foco en dos cuestiones que tradicionalmente se han considerado claves en la definición de la identidad femenina: la configuración de los roles de género en las relaciones de pareja y la vivencia de la maternidad en conexión también con la representación de la infanciaPublicación La configuración de las identidades en torno al amor en el teatro de Federico García Lorca(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaEn el presente ensayo se aborda el estudio de dos piezas fundamentales en la trayectoria teatral de Federico García Lorca, Así que pasen cinco años (1931) y Doña Rosita la soltera (1935), desde el punto de vista de los modelos de identidad masculina y femenina que plantean. Partiendo de las concomitancias temáticas y argumentales que existen entre las dos obras, se busca explorar cómo, a partir del drama de los protagonistas, se reflejan las transformaciones que se estaban dando, en la época, en la configuración de los roles de género. Nos centraremos, así, en el modo como el Joven y Doña Rosita, los personajes principales de ambas piezas, se enfrentan al amor y a las relaciones de pareja, aspectos en los que hombres y mujeres han tenido un papel claramente diferenciado y codificado a lo largo de la historia. En última instancia, el análisis permite vislumbrar la crítica que García Lorca realiza a un sistema de género desigualitario e injusto que no deja ningún resquicio de libertad a los sujetos y que impide, por tanto, su plena realización.Publicación Crisis, clase social y precariedad en las novelas identitarias de Anna Pacheco (2019), Margaryta Yakovenko (2020) y Laura Carneros (2022)(Asociación de Historia Actual (AHA), 2024-06) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaEn este ensayo, se lleva a cabo el análisis de tres novelas publicadas por la editorial Caballo de Troya: Listas, guapas, limpias (2019), de Anna Pacheco, Desencajada (2020), de Margaryta Yakovenko, y Proletaria consentida (2022), de Laura Carneros. A través de estas tres obras, con un claro carácter autobiográfico, se aborda el retrato que ofrecen de la precariedad que viven los y las jóvenes de la generación de las autoras en un contexto marcado por la crisis. La atención se centra, así, en el proceso de construcción identitaria de las tres protagonistas femeninas, que, procedentes de una clase trabajadora (de origen migrante en el caso de la novela de Yakovenko), se enfrentan a una situación marcada por la incertidumbre y la inestabilidadPublicación La búsqueda de nuevos lenguajes expresivos en Hamlet y el cuerpo de Sarah Bernhardt (1905) de los Martínez Sierra/Lejárraga(College of the Holy Cross, 2011) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaPublicación El cuestionamiento del modelo femenino tradicional en dos comedias de Julia MauraChocolate a la española (1953) y Jaque a la juventud (1965)(2010) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaEl teatro de Julia Maura muestra una especial preocupación por las cuestiones de género, de manera que un análisis del mismo desde esta perspectiva revela cómo, incluso en aquellas sociedades profundamente conservadoras, como la franquista, el teatro se puede convertir en vehículo de expresión de nuevos modelos y fenómenos heterodoxos que se alejan del prototipo legitimado por el poder. En las obras analizadas de la autora, Chocolate a la española (1953) y Jaque a la juventud (1965), se tratan, así, algunos temas controvertidos que condicionaban fuertemente la vida de las mujeres y que, sin embargo, desde el poder se trataban de ocultar o manipular: la estigmatización de las solteras, los matrimonios de conveniencia, los embarazos no deseados, etc. Se reflejan asimismo los cambios sociales que estaban aconteciendo en una sociedad aparentemente inmóvil como la franquista. Se ponen, en este sentido, de manifiesto las contradicciones del sistema, especialmente en lo relativo a la doble moral imperante en la sociedad a la hora de juzgar el comportamiento de mujeres y hombres y al carácter caduco de determinadas costumbres y tradiciones, que no reportaban la felicidad a la ciudadanía. Son obras trasgresoras, sobre todo si se tiene en cuenta que fueron escritas en un momento en que estaba plenamente vigente la censura, que se ejercía con mayor crudeza sobre aquellas producciones culturales de autoría femenina.Publicación Modelos de identidad femenina en la España de posguerra: El teatro de Mercedes Ballesteros(The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012-03) Plaza Agudo, InmaculadaMercedes Ballesteros es una de las principales representantes en España de la generación de autoras teatrales de posguerra. El análisis de los roles de género en su producción dramática permite comprobar cómo incluso en aquellas sociedades profundamente conservadoras, como la franquista, a través del arte y especialmente a través del teatro—por su proximidad a la realidad cotidiana y su capacidad para llegar a un público amplio—, se pueden reflejar modelos y fenómenos heterodoxos que se alejan del prototipo legitimado por el poder. El presente ensayo estudia, por ello, cómo se plasman en las obras de teatro de Mercedes Ballesteros, publicadas y estrenadas desde comienzos de la década de los cuarenta hasta mediados de los sesenta, los roles de género y cómo, a pesar de la fuerte ideología androcéntrica dominante, se pueden identificar en ellas determinados modelos de mujer que resultan subversivos y que se alejan, en algún grado, del ideal hegemónico del “ángel del hogar”.Publicación Suicidal ideation: prevalence and risk factors during pregnancy(Elsevier, 2022-03) Castelao Legazpi, Pilar Carolina; Rodríguez Muñoz, María de la Fe; Le, Huynh-Nhu; Soto Balbuena, Cristina; Olivares, Maria Eugenia; Izquierdo Méndez, NuriaIntroduction: Although suicide is the main cause of maternal death during pregnancy in industrialized countries, there are few research regarding the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation during pregnancy, especially in Spain. Method: In a multicenter study, the sample included 1,524 pregnant women recruited from an obstetrics setting from two Spanish tertiary-care public hospitals. The prevalence of prenatal suicidal ideation was estimated by analyzing their responses to item 9 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The risk factors (which increases the probability of having suicidal ideation) included sociodemographic and biomedical variables, and the stress subscale from the revised prenatal version of the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI-R). Results: A total of 2.6% of pregnant women reported suicidal ideation. Risk factors of suicidal ideation during pregnancy include sociodemographic, such as prior history of depression (β = 0.120, p < .05), unemployment (β = 0.149, p < .05), and being an immigrant (β = 0.140, p < .01), and biomedical variables, such as previous abortion (β =0.169, p < .01) and assisted reproduction (β = -0.100, p < .05). Discussion: Given that the prevalence of suicidal ideation is higher than expected, the results of the study suggest the critical need for screening and designing preventive interventions adapted to pregnant women to decrease risk of associated suicidal behavior. In protocols carried out by midwives, specific risk factors should be included in health screenings during pregnancy.Publicación The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Spain(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias, 2022) Motrico, Emma; Domínguez Salas, Sara; Rodríguez Domínguez, Carmen; Gómez Gómez, Irene; Rodríguez Muñoz, María de la Fe; Gómez Baya, DiegoBackground: The current COVID-19 pandemic is a unique stressor with potentially negative consequences for pregnant and postpartum women. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal depression and anxiety in Spain. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2020. A total of 3,356 adult pregnant and postpartum women (with infants up to 6 months of age) from all Spanish regions were surveyed. The assessment included measures of Coronavirus Perinatal Experiences (COPE-IS questionnaire) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7=10) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS=10). Results: The prevalence of perinatal anxiety and depression (above established cut-offs) was 33.3% and 47.2%, respectively; 29.2% of women screened positive for both conditions. Higher rates of perinatal depression and anxiety were associated with increased concern about threats of COVID-19, especially employment and the financial impact, along with increased overall levels of distress. Exposure to COVID-19 and its symptoms did not appear to be a relevant risk factor. More COVID-19-related predictors and a higher rate of depression were found in postpartum women. Conclusions: The current study highlights the substantial increase in symptoms of perinatal depression and anxiety, especially in postpartum women. Interventions for perinatal mental health should be a priority.Publicación Augmented anthropology. Interstitial anthropology in the limits of humanity(IOS Press, 2024-03-07) Luna, Cristina; Balasescu, AlecThis paper introduces augmented anthropology, a new field of research that combines machine anthropology and conventional anthropology. Augmented anthropology uses robots as avatars, AI, and 3D virtual spaces to create an interactive environment to study and understand human behaviour. By leveraging technology, augmented anthropology is able to study humans and nonhumans in a more detailed and precise manner than traditional anthropological methods. This paper will discuss the advantages and potential applications of augmented anthropology, as well as the ethical considerations relating to authorship that must be taken into account. Furthermore, it will outline the potential for augmented anthropology to revolutionise the field of anthropology and to provide new insights into the complexities of what it is to be human.Publicación Moneta et territoria en Lusitania: Economía monetaria y rural de una provincia romana. (Monografías de prehistoria y arqueología UNED n.º 2, 2024)(UNED- Universidad de Educación a Distancia, 2024) Conejo Delgado, NoéPublicación Por qué tu coño te parece feo. Una aproximación antiestética(Universidad de Jaen, 2022-04-13) Luna, CristinaEste documento recoge un análisis sobre el tabú en nuestra sociedad, y cómo este afecta a la percepción estética que tenemos, en primer lugar, de nuestros cuerpos, siguiendo por el desnudo humano y llevándola a otros ámbitos. En este trabajo se parte de plantear qué es el tabú, su origen y los campos principales en los que se desarrolla, para llevarlo a la estética filosófica, a nuestro sentido cultural de lo “bello”, y a nuestra percepción de la identidad y la belleza. El tabú tiene un fuerte componente sociocultural, como agente y producto de la cultura. La estética, a su vez, está estrechamente ligada a la cultura, y por ende, al tabú, y no se puede analizar, de una forma holística, sin tener en cuenta el contexto que sustenta esa percepción.Publicación Holocene incised-valley fills and coastal evolution in the Gulf of Cádiz (Southern Spain)(INQUA, International Union For Quaternary Research, 1998) Dabrio, Cristino José; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Sierro, F. J.; Borja, Francisco; González Delgado, José Ángel; Flores Villarejo, José Abel; Lario Gómez, Javier