Persona: Catena Fernández, Cristian
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Publicación Moral Foundations and Obesity: The Role of Binding vs. Individualizing Foundations in Shaping Weight Stigma(Ubiquity Press, 2025-07-18) Catena Fernández, Cristian; Magallares Sanjuan, AlejandroWeight stigma significantly affects the quality of life for individuals with obesity in Western societies. While previous research has used moral foundations theory to predict attitudes toward stigmatized groups, such as the poor, immigrants, and sexual minorities, its application to weight-related stigma remains underexplored. This research explores the relationship between moral foundations, the moralization of obesity, and weight stigma in an underrepresented European context. In a pre-registered correlational study (Study 1), we found that binding and individualizing foundations differentially predicted the moralization of obesity and weight stigma. A follow-up pre-registered experiment (Study 2) suggested that highlighting the societal benefits of purity, a binding moral foundation, over care, an individualizing moral foundation, may increase the moralization of obesity and heighten weight stigma. These findings contribute to deepening understanding of the moral roots of weight stigma and underscore the importance of considering moral values in efforts to mitigate it.Publicación Moderated Mediation of Disgust in the Relationship Between Political Ideology and Food Brand Perceptions(Universidad de San Buenaventura (Colombia), 2025-11-19) Magallares Sanjuan, Alejandro; Catena Fernández, CristianThe current study investigates whether political appeals of food brands may impact how consumers perceive the healthiness and tastiness of the companies’ products. 455 participants (Psychology students, 71% identified as female) read a short and fictitious newspaper story focused on rightists’ values (Papa John’s Condition), neutral values (Hershey’s Condition), or leftists’ values (Ben & Jerry’s Condition). The confidence interval for the index of moderated mediation showed that the mediation of disgust in the relationship between U.S. food brand and health risk and taste perceptions was moderated by political ideology. Specifically, leftist participants perceived right-wing brands (Papa John's) as less healthy and more disgusting compared to neutral or left-wing brands. No significant effects were observed among rightist participants. This research provides partial support for the idea that "we eat what we are", as leftist participants perceived comfort food products with incongruent political appeals as worse, primarily through disgust mechanisms.Publicación Moral Perceptions in Politics: Ideological Asymmetries in Perceived Moral Obligations and Stereotypical Perceptions Across Leftists and Rightists(Wiley, 2025-08-05) Catena Fernández, Cristian; Fernández Arregui, Saulo; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesIn two studies conducted in Spain, we identified asymmetries in moral judgements, showing that leftist political topics and individuals were perceived as more moral than their rightist counterparts. Study 1 assessed the participants’ perceived moral obligation to defend topics traditionally associated with leftist or rightist ideologies. Both leftist and rightist participants reported stronger moral obligations towards leftist than rightist topics. Study 2 investigated moral, meta- and self-stereotypes within leftist and rightist political topics. Rightists viewed leftists more positively in moral terms than leftists viewed rightists, particularly in the context of leftist topics. Rightists also anticipated harsher moral judgements from leftists (meta-stereotypes), whereas leftists did not reciprocate. Moral self-stereotypes were similar across groups. These findings reveal moral asymmetry favouring leftist topics and individuals. We discuss the implications for political polarization, intergroup relations and contextual factors that shape these perceptions.Publicación Moral Perceptions About Environmentalism Across Ideological Groups: Negative Moral Stereotypes Threaten Rightists’ Moral Self and Trigger Polarization(Sage Journal, 2025-05-06) Catena Fernández, Cristian; Fernández Arregui, Saulo; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y UniversidadesIn five studies conducted in Spain and the US, we tested whether rightists (vs. leftists) were more vulnerable to experiencing a threat to the moral self and were more likely to polarize when faced with negative moral stereotypes about environmentalism. Studies 1a-1b established that the moral stereotype held by rightists about leftists regarding environmental issues was more positive than vice versa. Additionally, rightists had a more negative meta-stereotype than vice versa. Studies 2a-2b revealed that exposing participants to negative (vs. neutral) stereotypes about their groups’ morality in environmentalism led rightists (but not leftists) to experience a threat to their moral self-concept and polarized their environmental positions and voting intentions. Study 3 experimentally attenuated moral threats, buffering the effects observed in Study 2b. We conclude that the moral threat posed by negative moral stereotypes is key to understanding the polarization of environmental issues.Publicación Moral foundations and HIV-related stigma in Spain: examining moralization as a key mechanism(Taylor & Francis, 2026-04-16) Catena Fernández, Cristian; Magallares Sanjuan, Alejandro; Fuster Ruiz de Apodaca, María JoséHIV-related stigma remains a persistent barrier to the well-being of people with HIV. Drawing on Moral Foundations Theory, we conducted two studies in Spain to explore how individualizing (particularly care) and binding (particularly purity) foundations contribute to HIV-related stigma, and whether this relationship is mediated by the moralization of HIV. In Study 1, binding foundations were associated with higher levels of HIV moralization and HIV-related stigma, while individualizing foundations predicted lower levels of both. In Study 2, we contrasted care- versus purity-based moral framing and assessed the moralization of HIV and several measures of HIV-related stigma, as in Study 1. Participants exposed to messages emphasizing the social benefits of purity (vs. care) were more likely to moralize HIV and express negative attitudes toward people with HIV; however, neither framing condition differed from the control condition. Moreover, indirect effects indicated that purity framing may heighten HIV-related stigma through increased moralization of HIV. These findings suggest that moral concerns — particularly purity — contribute to HIV-related stigma by imbuing HIV with moral significance. We discuss the implications for HIV stigma-reduction strategies.Publicación Moral perceptions across ideological groups: asymmetric moral judgments of leftist and rightist individuals and topics and their consequences for left–right intergroup relations(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado. Programa de Doctorado en Psicología, 2025-10-31) Catena Fernández, Cristian; Fernández Arregui, Saulo; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)La presente tesis doctoral analiza las percepciones morales entre personas y temas políticos de izquierda y de derecha, así como las consecuencias psicológicas derivadas de dichas percepciones. El objetivo principal es comprobar si existe una percepción generalizada de que las personas y los temas asociados con la ideología de izquierda poseen una legitimidad moral superior en comparación con las personas y los temas asociados con la ideología de derecha, y cómo esta percepción influye en el autoconcepto moral y en las actitudes intergrupales, especialmente entre personas identificadas con la ideología de derecha. Para abordar estos objetivos, se llevaron a cabo nueve estudios empíricos que investigan tres procesos fundamentales: (1) hasta qué punto las personas de izquierda y de derecha perciben obligaciones morales hacia la defensa de temas políticos de izquierda y de derecha, (2) hasta qué punto las personas de izquierda y de derecha atribuyen rasgos morales a las personas de cada grupo ideológico, y (3) las consecuencias cognitivas y conductuales asociadas a estas percepciones. Los resultados muestran que tanto individuos de izquierda como de derecha tienden a sentir una mayor obligación moral para defender temas tradicionalmente asociados con la izquierda, como la protección del medio ambiente o la igualdad de género, que hacia temas asociados con la derecha, como la seguridad o el mantenimiento del orden social. Asimismo, los participantes atribuyen más rasgos morales (como honestos, sinceros o éticamente responsables) a las personas de izquierda que a las de derecha, independientemente de su propia ideología. Las personas de derecha también anticipan recibir juicios morales negativos por parte de personas de izquierda (metaestereotipos), lo cual puede afectar negativamente su autoconcepto moral. Estos patrones de percepción generan consecuencias psicológicas relevantes. En contextos donde se hacen salientes temas con alta carga moral progresista, las personas de derecha pueden experimentar amenazas a su yo moral. Esta amenaza puede generar reacciones defensivas como la polarización ideológica, la reafirmación de actitudes extremas, la intención de votar por opciones más alineadas con su identidad ideológica o la disminución de la disposición a negociar con el exogrupo.