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Phenomenology of Positivity: Understanding the Joint Dynamics of Self-esteem, Life Satisfaction, and Optimism

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dc.contributor.authorCaprara, Gian Vittorio
dc.contributor.authorCorbelli, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorCaprara, María Giovanna
dc.contributor.authorContreras, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorPaciello, Marinella
dc.contributor.authorZuffianò, Antonio
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-09T18:01:04Z
dc.date.available2026-01-09T18:01:04Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-25
dc.descriptionThe registered version of this article, first published in “Journal of Happiness Studies 26 (2025): 149", is available online at the publisher's website: Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-025-00972-7
dc.descriptionLa versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en “Journal of Happiness Studies 26 (2025): 149", está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-025-00972-7
dc.description.abstractPositivity, defined as the tendency to view life and experiences with a positive outlook, has recently received a great deal of interest for its significance in understanding human strengths and well-being, yet the temporal interplay among its three facets (self-esteem, life satisfaction, optimism) in relation to the construct of positivity itself is still unclear. A three-wave study of 1,375 Spanish university students investigated this interplay before, during, and after the first COVID-19 lockdown. A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model separated trait-like from state-like variance in each facet and extracted latent shared components, to explore the extent to which positivity subsumes or coexists with these dimensions of human strengths and their relationships across time. The trait-like positivity factor loaded strongly on the between-person components of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism, suggesting a pervasive influence on these facets at the between-person level. A state-like positivity factor accounted for their concurrent dynamic fluctuations, but did not fully account for the within-person variance of each facet, showing its distinctiveness from these constructs and the uniqueness of each. Moreover, both trait-like and state-like positivity and within-person residuals of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism were significantly associated with subjective mental health perception. These findings contribute to the understanding of positivity as a construct encompassing a stable trait-like disposition and state-like specific components arising from self-esteem, life satisfaction and optimism without subsuming them, highlighting its role as an expression of the self-system with an important function in well-being and adaptive functioning.en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2026-01-09T18:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Phenomenology of Positivity. Mariagiovanna Caprara.pdf: 1304924 bytes, checksum: 07f929fa8c173cd42be7b69481c58aaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2025-11-25en
dc.description.versionversión publicada
dc.identifier.citationCaprara, G.V., Corbelli, G., Caprara, M. et al, (2025). Phenomenology of Positivity: Understanding the Joint Dynamics of Self-esteem, Life Satisfaction, and Optimism. J Happiness Stud 26, 149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-025-00972-7
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-025-00972-7
dc.identifier.eissn1573-7780
dc.identifier.issn1389-4978
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/31344
dc.journal.titleJournal of Happiness Studies
dc.journal.volume26
dc.language.isoen
dc.page.final24
dc.page.initial1
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.centerFacultad de Psicología
dc.relation.departmentPsicología de la Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico
dc.relation.researchgroupPersonalidad y salud
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject6111 Personalidad
dc.subject.keywordsLife satisfactionen
dc.subject.keywordsOptimismen
dc.subject.keywordsPositive orientationen
dc.subject.keywordsPositivityen
dc.subject.keywordsRI-CLPMen
dc.subject.keywordsSelf-esteemen
dc.titlePhenomenology of Positivity: Understanding the Joint Dynamics of Self-esteem, Life Satisfaction, and Optimismen
dc.typeartículoes
dc.typejournal articleen
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication8e56223d-3b4c-44a5-8ce5-17f0bf648cf1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery8e56223d-3b4c-44a5-8ce5-17f0bf648cf1
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