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2025-10-03
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Resumen
Un lenguaje de programación es un sistema formal de comunicación que permite a los humanos escribir instrucciones que una computadora puede entender y ejecutar. Estos lenguajes utilizan reglas definidas de sintaxis y semántica para expresar algoritmos y operaciones de manera precisa. El uso de lenguajes de alto nivel, como es Pascal, permite un alto grado de abstracción y el desarrollo de programas complejos de forma sencilla para el usuario. El proceso de traducción de estos lenguajes a un lenguaje que el procesador pueda ejecutar lo realiza un herramienta conocida como compilador. Este trabajo presenta el diseño e implementación de un compilador cruzado para un subconjunto significativo del lenguaje Pascal orientado a maquinas comerciales basadas en el microprocesador Z80. Dichos ordenadores tuvieron una gran difusión a lo largo de los años 80 y 90, siendo la puerta de entrada de una generación de desarrolladores. Se realiza un estudio pormenorizado de dichas maquinas y la arquitectura del procesador, cuyas características principales son la presencia de un bus de direcciones de 16 bits con palabras de 8 bits, desarrollando un compilador dotado de las fase de análisis y síntesis para generar código adaptado a dichas máquinas. Dicho compilador, basado en el utilizado en la asignatura de Procesadores del Lenguaje de la Universidad Nacional Educación a Distancia, ha sido adaptado para este proyecto, generando código ensamblador para las máquinas descritas. Como elementos adicionales al compilador se ha desarrollado tanto un entorno de desarrollo integrado dotado de interfaz gráfico como un sistema de generación de archivos como las bibliotecas adecuadas para su ejecución. El resultado se puede ejecutar en las maquinas nativas o bien en emuladores disponibles de dichas máquinas.
A programming language is a formal communication system that enables humans to write instructions that a computer can understand and execute. These languages use defined syntax and semantic rules to precisely express algorithms and operations. The use of high-level languages, such as Pascal, allows a high degree of abstraction and facilitates the development of complex programs in an easy manner for the user. The process of translating these languages into a language that the processor can execute is performed by a tool known as a compiler. This work presents the design and implementation of a cross-compiler for a significant subset of the Pascal language targeted at commercial machines based on the Z80 microprocessor. These computers were widely popular throughout the 1980s and 1990s, serving as the entry point for a generation of developers. A detailed study of these machines and the processor architecture was conducted, whose main characteristics include a 16-bit address bus with 8-bit words. A compiler was developed equipped with analysis and synthesis phases to generate code adapted to these machines. This compiler, based on the one used in the “Language Processors” course at the National University of Distance Education (UNED), has been adapted for this project to generate assembly code for the described machines. As additional elements to the compiler, an integrated development environment (IDE) with a graphical interface and a file generation system, including libraries suitable for execution, have been developed. The resulting code can be executed on native machines or in available emulators for these machines
A programming language is a formal communication system that enables humans to write instructions that a computer can understand and execute. These languages use defined syntax and semantic rules to precisely express algorithms and operations. The use of high-level languages, such as Pascal, allows a high degree of abstraction and facilitates the development of complex programs in an easy manner for the user. The process of translating these languages into a language that the processor can execute is performed by a tool known as a compiler. This work presents the design and implementation of a cross-compiler for a significant subset of the Pascal language targeted at commercial machines based on the Z80 microprocessor. These computers were widely popular throughout the 1980s and 1990s, serving as the entry point for a generation of developers. A detailed study of these machines and the processor architecture was conducted, whose main characteristics include a 16-bit address bus with 8-bit words. A compiler was developed equipped with analysis and synthesis phases to generate code adapted to these machines. This compiler, based on the one used in the “Language Processors” course at the National University of Distance Education (UNED), has been adapted for this project to generate assembly code for the described machines. As additional elements to the compiler, an integrated development environment (IDE) with a graphical interface and a file generation system, including libraries suitable for execution, have been developed. The resulting code can be executed on native machines or in available emulators for these machines
Descripción
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Pascal, Compilador cruzado, Microprocesador, Z80, ZX Spectrum, MSX, Código ensamblador, Entorno de desarrollo integrado, Emuladores, Pascal, Cross Compiler, Z80, Microprocessor, ZX Spectrum, MSX, Assembler code, Integrated Development Environment, Emulators
Citación
Lima Cañadas, Pedro Pablo. Trabajo Fin de Grado: Compilador cruzado para máquinas basadas en Z80. Universidad de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2025
Centro
E.T.S. de Ingeniería Informática
Departamento
Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos