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2025-09
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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La aplicación de la ciencia y la tecnología en sectores públicos y privados, especialmente desde mediados del s. XX, ha contribuido al aumento del bienestar social en todo el mundo. Sin embargo, los objetivos de algunas aplicaciones tecnocientíficas, así como la búsqueda del progreso como fin al que la humanidad se ha encomendado, han generado desconfianza en algunos sectores de la sociedad. La explotación incontrolada de recursos naturales ha producido debate sobre los sistemas de valores a través de los cuales se guían nuestras sociedades. Además, el análisis sobre las concepciones de la naturaleza ha llevado a algunos autores a buscar su fundamentación en visiones europeas. En este contexto de fondo y considerando el marco de cambio climático, degradación ambiental en muchos lugares del mundo y de nuevos hitos tecnológicos como, por ejemplo, el de poner al servicio de la sociedad herramientas de inteligencia artificial, se abre un gran abanico de consideraciones éticas que nos hace replantearnos la forma en la que el ser humano se relaciona con otros individuos y qué vínculos establece con la naturaleza. Esta reflexión tiene el objetivo de analizar cómo construir una sociedad responsable. Para llevar a cabo este análisis, primero, se ha trazado la evolución de las corrientes filosóficas y científicas europeas hasta su desembocadura en una ética de la responsabilidad. Esta propuesta ética, articulada formalmente por Hans Jonas, se caracteriza por tomar conciencia sobre las consecuencias futuras de nuestras acciones en el presente dentro del contexto de una civilización tecnológica. Segundo, se ha estudiado el papel de los sentimientos en la fundamentación y desarrollo de una ética de la responsabilidad destacando las propuestas de los máximos exponentes del moralismo sentimental del s. XVIII, David Hume y Adam Smith y, en particular, el entrelazamiento entre sentimiento y razón propuesto por Miguel de Unamuno y José Ortega y Gasset, figuras clave de la filosofía española del s. XX. Por último, se ha destacado qué principios serían los más adecuados para construir una sociedad responsable que transite desde la toma de conciencia a la acción.
The application of science and technology in the public and private sectors, especially since the mid-20th century, has contributed to the improvement of social well-being worldwide. However, the rationale behind some technoscientific applications, as well as the pursuit of progress as the goal of humanity, has generated distrust in some sectors of society. The uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources has produced a debate about the value systems that guide our societies. Moreover, the analysis of the conceptions of nature has led some authors to seek its foundation in European visions. Within this context and considering the climate change framework, environmental degradation in many places of the world, and new technological breakthroughs such as, for example, placing artificial intelligence tools at the service of society, a wide range of ethical considerations opens up prompting us to reconsider how human beings relate to one another and the bonds they establish with nature. This consideration aims at analysing how to build a responsible society. To carry out this analysis, first, the evolution of European philosophical and scientific currents has been traced until its outcome in an ethic of responsibility. This ethical proposal, formally articulated by Hans Jonas, is characterised by raising awareness of the future consequences of our actions taken in the present within the context of a tech-driven society. Second, the role of feelings in the foundations and development of an ethic of responsibility has been studied highlighting the proposals of the most prominent representatives of the moral sentimentalism from the 18th century, David Hume and Adam Smith and, in particular, the intertwining of feeling and reason proposed by key figures of the Spanish philosophy of the 20th century, Miguel de Unamuno and José Ortega y Gasset. Last, the most appropriate principles of a responsible society that move from awareness to action have been highlighted.
The application of science and technology in the public and private sectors, especially since the mid-20th century, has contributed to the improvement of social well-being worldwide. However, the rationale behind some technoscientific applications, as well as the pursuit of progress as the goal of humanity, has generated distrust in some sectors of society. The uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources has produced a debate about the value systems that guide our societies. Moreover, the analysis of the conceptions of nature has led some authors to seek its foundation in European visions. Within this context and considering the climate change framework, environmental degradation in many places of the world, and new technological breakthroughs such as, for example, placing artificial intelligence tools at the service of society, a wide range of ethical considerations opens up prompting us to reconsider how human beings relate to one another and the bonds they establish with nature. This consideration aims at analysing how to build a responsible society. To carry out this analysis, first, the evolution of European philosophical and scientific currents has been traced until its outcome in an ethic of responsibility. This ethical proposal, formally articulated by Hans Jonas, is characterised by raising awareness of the future consequences of our actions taken in the present within the context of a tech-driven society. Second, the role of feelings in the foundations and development of an ethic of responsibility has been studied highlighting the proposals of the most prominent representatives of the moral sentimentalism from the 18th century, David Hume and Adam Smith and, in particular, the intertwining of feeling and reason proposed by key figures of the Spanish philosophy of the 20th century, Miguel de Unamuno and José Ortega y Gasset. Last, the most appropriate principles of a responsible society that move from awareness to action have been highlighted.
Descripción
Máster Universitario en Filosofía Teórica y Práctica. Especialidad de Lógica, Historia y Filosofía de la Ciencia.
Categorías UNESCO
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Citación
Gómez Giménez, Marta (2025), Responsabilidad y Justicia: Principios rectores de la relación del ser humano con la naturaleza. Trabajo de Fin de Máster. Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)
Centro
Facultad de Filosofía
Departamento
Lógica, Historia y Filosofía de la Ciencia