Persona: Beltrán Guerrero, David
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dbeltran@psi.uned.es
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0000-0003-1658-5915
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Beltrán Guerrero
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David
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Publicación The negation-induced forgetting effect remains even after reducing associative interference(ELSEVIER, 2023) Zang, Anqi; Beltrán Guerrero, David; Wang, Huili; Rolán, Katia; Vega, Manuel de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3060-4476; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-7548 View this author’s ORCID profile; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-1642Recent research has provided evidence that negation processing recruits the neural network of response inhibition (de Vega et al., 2016). Furthermore, inhibition mechanisms also play a role in human memory. In two experiments, we aimed to assess how producing a negation in a verification task may impact long-term memory. Experiment 1 used the same memory paradigm as Mayo et al. (2014), consisting of several phases: first, reading a story describing the activity of a protagonist, immediately followed by a “yes-no” verification task, then a distractive task, and finally an incidental free recall test. Consistent with the previous results, negated sentences were recalled worse than affirmed sentences. Yet, there is a possible confounding between the effect of negation itself and the associative interference of two conflicting predicates – the original and the modified one – in negative trials. To avoid this, Experiment 2 modified the paradigm by including a story describing the activities of two protagonists in such a way that the affirmed and denied verification sentences had the same content, and only differed in the attribution of a specific event to the correct or wrong protagonist. The negation-induced forgetting effect was still powerful, while controlling for potential contaminating variables. Our finding would support that the impaired long-term memory could be ascribed to reusing the inhibitory mechanism of negationPublicación Inhibitory Mechanisms in the Processing of Negations: A Neural Reuse Hypothesis(Springer, 2021) Beltrán Guerrero, David; Liu, Bo; Vega, Manuel de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-9132; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-1642Negation is known to have inhibitory consequences for the information under its scope. However, how it produces such effects remains poorly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that negation processing might be implemented at the neural level by the recruitment of inhibitory and cognitive control mechanisms. On this line, this manuscript offers the hypothesis that negation reuses general-domain mechanisms that subserve inhibition in other non-linguistic cognitive functions. The first two sections describe the inhibitory effects of negation on conceptual representations and its embodied effects, as well as the theoretical foundations for the reuse hypothesis. The next section describes the neurophysiological evidence that linguistic negation interacts with response inhibition, along with the suggestion that both functions share inhibitory mechanisms. Finally, the manuscript concludes that the functional relation between negation and inhibition observed at the mechanistic level could be easily integrated with predominant cognitive models of negation processing.Publicación Mutual influence between emotional language and inhibitory control processes. Evidence from an event-related potential study(WILEY, 2021) Agudelo Orjuela, Paola; Vega, Manuel de; Beltrán Guerrero, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-1642There is abundant literature demonstrating that processing emotional stimuli modulates inhibitory control processes. However, the reverse effects, namely, how cognitive inhibition influences the processing of emotional stimuli, have been considerably neglected. This ERP study tries to fill this gap by studying the bidirectional interactions between emotional language and inhibitory processes. To this end, participants read emotional sentences, embedded in a cue-based Go-NoGo task. In Experiment 1, the critical emotional adjective preceded the Go-NoGo visual cue. The ERPs showed a significant reduction in the inhibition-related N2 component in NoGo trials when they were preceded by negative adjectives, compared to positive or neutral adjectives, indicating a priming-like effect on inhibitory control. Consistently, the estimated source of this interaction was the dorsomedial PFC, a region associated with inhibitory and control processes. In Experiment 2, the Go-NoGo cue preceded the emotional adjective, and the ERPs showed a sustained, broadly distributed LPP-like positivity for NoGo negative trials, relative to all the other conditions. In this case, the presetting of an inhibition state modulated the processing of negatively charged words. Together, the two experiments suggest a mutual facilitation between inhibitory control and negative valence, supporting thereby recent integrative theories of cognition–emotion interactions.Publicación Existential negation modulates inhibitory control processes and impacts recognition memory. Evidence from ERP and source localization data(Taylor and Francis, 2023) Gu, Beixian; Vega, Manuel de; Wang, Huili; Beltrán Guerrero, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1799-9626; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-1642; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3060-4476It has recently been proposed that comprehension of negation reuses the inhibitory control mechanisms. However, this Reusing Inhibition for Negation (RIN) hypothesis has mostly been confirmed with imperative sentences. The current study examined whether comprehension of negated existential sentences, which are purely declarative, also shares neural resources with inhibitory control processes. Participants read affirmative or negative existential sentences while performing an embedded Go/NoGo task, followed by a recognition probe to test the impact of negation on words activation. Relative to affirmative sentences, negation increased the P3 amplitude for NoGo trials, with estimated sources in the inhibition-related medial and dorsolateral areas in the prefrontal and parietal cortices. These results indicate that existential negation also shares neural mechanisms with inhibitory control, extending the RIN hypothesis. Furthermore, recognising negated words took longer and decreased the readiness potential of the responses compared to affirmed words, suggesting reduced accessibility of negated words in working memory.Publicación Brain Inhibitory Mechanisms Are Involved in the Processing of Sentential Negation, Regardless of Its Content. Evidence From EEG Theta and Beta Rhythms(Frontiers, 2019) Beltrán Guerrero, David; Morera, Yurena; García Marco, Enrique; Vega, Manuel de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4216-3305; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-5124; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-1642The two-step process account of negation understanding posits an initial representation of the negated events, followed by a representation of the actual state of events. On the other hand, behavioral and neurophysiological studies provided evidence that linguistic negation suppresses or reduces the activation of the negated events, contributing to shift attention to the actual state of events. However, the specific mechanism of this suppression is poorly known. Recently, based on the brain organization principle of neural reuse (Anderson, 2010), it has been proposed that understanding linguistic negation partially relies upon the neurophysiological mechanisms of response inhibition. Specifically, it was reported that negated action-related sentences modulate EEG signatures of response inhibition (de Vega et al., 2016; Beltrán et al., 2018). In the current EEG study, we ponder whether the reusing of response inhibition processes by negation is constrained to action-related contents or consists of a more general-purpose mechanism. To this end, we employed the same dual-task paradigm as in our prior study-a Go/NoGo task embedded into a sentence comprehension task-but this time including both action and non-action sentences. The results confirmed that the increase of theta power elicited by NoGo trials was modulated by negative sentences, compared to their affirmative counterparts, and this polarity effect was statistically similar for both action- and non-action-related sentences. Thus, a general-purpose inhibitory control mechanism, rather than one specific for action language, is likely operating in the comprehension of sentential negation to produce the transition between alternative representations.Publicación ERP signatures of pseudowords’ acquired emotional connotations of disgust and sadness(Taylor & Francis, 2022-07-18) Beltrán Guerrero, David; Taylor & FrancisThe present study investigated how two negative acquired emotional connotations, disgust and sadness, affect the neural activity in word processing. Participants completed a learning session in which pseudowords were paired with faces showing disgusted, sad, and neutral expressions, followed by an event-related potential (ERP) recording session on the next day involving a lexical-semantic decision task. ERP results revealed that sad pseudowords reduced the early posterior negativity (EPN) amplitudes compared to disgusting and neutral pseudowords in the early time window whereas disgusting pseudowords reduced the late positive component (LPC) amplitudes compared to neutral pseudowords. Importantly, the source localization in the EPN time window clearly dissociated the three emotional conditions: disgusting pseudowords elicited the largest activation in the right insular cortex, sad pseudowords elicited more activity in the right anterior cingulate cortex, and neutral pseudowords increased activation in the occipital lobe. These results suggested that faces are effective sources for the acquisition of words’ emotional connotations, revealing corresponding distinctive neural signatures.