Persona: Saborido Alejandro, Cristian
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Saborido Alejandro
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Cristian
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Publicación Diseases as social problems(Springer Nature, 2024-02-02) Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Zamora Bonilla, Jesús PedroIn this paper we articulate a characterization of the concept of disease as a social problem. We argue that, from a social ontology point of view, diseases are problems that are identified and addressed within the framework of concrete social institutions and practices (those that shape medicine). This approach allows us to overcome the classical distinction between naturalist and normativist approaches in the philosophy of medicine, taking into account both the material and the symbolic factors that shape the categories and determine the practices of medicine.Publicación Animal medicine(Cambridge University Press, 2025-08-13) Monso Gil, Susana; Saborido Alejandro, CristianThe range of putatively medical animal practices varies widely both functionally and mechanistically. In this paper, we argue that the definitions of medicine available in the empirical literature are inadequate for distinguishing genuinely medical practices from other adaptive behaviours. We aim to improve this conceptual landscape by proposing a definition that incorporates both cognitive and functional requirements, enabling finer-grained distinctions across species and behaviours. We apply our definition to the evidence and determine which animal behaviours show a mere difference of degree with paradigmatic medical practices—and should be seen as medicine—and which should be excluded from this nomenclature.Publicación Disease-mongering through clinical trials(2015) González Moreno, María; Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Teira Serrano, DavidOur goal in this paper is to articulate a precise concept of at least a certain kind of disease-mongering, showing how pharmaceutical marketing can commercially exploit certain diseases when their best definition is given through the success of a treatment in a clinical trial. We distinguish two types of disease-mongering according to the way they exploit the definition of the trial population for marketing purposes. We argue that behind these two forms of disease-mongering there are two well-known problems in the statistical methodology of clinical trials (the reference class problem and the distinction between statistical and clinical significance). Overcoming them is far from simplePublicación Actas del IX Congreso de la Sociedad de Lógica, Metodología y Filosofía de la Ciencia en España(SLMFCE, 2018-11) Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Oms, Sergi; González de Prado Salas, JavierActas del IX Congreso de la Sociedad de Lógica, Metodología y Filosofía de la Ciencia en España. Contiene las comunicaciones presentadas en las siguientes materias: A. Lógica, historia y filosofía de la lógica B. Filosofía del lenguaje C. Filosofía de la mente y epistemología D. Filosofía y metodología de la ciencia E. Historia de la ciencia F. Ciencia, tecnología y sociedad G. Argumentación.Publicación Affordances and organizational functions(Springer, 2023) Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Heras Escribano, ManuelIn this paper, we bring together the concepts of affordance from ecological psychology and function from the organizational approach to philosophy of biology into a single integrative framework. This integration allows us to account for the biological basis of the notion of affordance, offering theoretical tools to address the normative interrelations between organisms and their environments.Publicación Health and environment from adaptation to adaptivity: a situated relational account(Springer, 2022-08-18) Menatti, Laura; Bich, Leonardo; Saborido Alejandro, CristianThe definitions and conceptualizations of health, and the management of healthcare have been challenged by the current global scenarios (e.g., new diseases, new geographical distribution of diseases, effects of climate change on health, etc.) and by the ongoing scholarship in humanities and science. In this paper we question the mainstream definition of health adopted by the WHO—‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (WHO in Preamble to the constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the international health conference, The World Health Organization, 1948)—and its role in providing tools to understand what health is in the contemporary context. More specifically, we argue that this context requires to take into account the role of the environment both in medical theory and in the healthcare practice. To do so, we analyse WHO documents dated 1984 and 1986 which define health as ‘coping with the environment’. We develop the idea of ‘coping with the environment’, by focusing on two cardinal concepts: adaptation in public health and adaptivity in philosophy of biology. We argue that the notions of adaptation and adaptivity can be of major benefit for the characterization of health, and have practical implications. We explore some of these implications by discussing two recent case studies of adaptivity in public health, which can be valuable to further develop adaptive strategies in the current pandemic scenario: community-centred care and microbiologically healthier buildings.Publicación Incommensurability and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis: taking Kuhn seriously(Springer, 2022-04-09) Gefaell, Juan; Saborido Alejandro, CristianIn this paper, we analyze the debate between the Modern Synthesis and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis in light of the concept of incommensurability developed by Thomas Kuhn. In order to do so, first we briefly present both the Modern Synthesis and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis. Then, we clarify the meaning and interpretations of incommensurability throughout Kuhn’s works, concluding that the version of this concept deployed in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is the best suited to the analysis of scientific disputes. After discussing incommensurability in Kuhn’s works, we address the question of whether the Modern Synthesis and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis can be considered semantically, methodologically, and ontologically incommensurable, concluding that they can. Finally, we discuss three problems that arise from such a conclusion: firstly, what are the consequences of incommensurability; secondly, which mode of scientific change better explains this current dispute in evolutionary biology; and thirdly, whether rational theory comparison is possible given incommensurability. We suggest that the main consequence of incommensurability is profound disagreement, that the kind of scientific change that better explains the current dispute between the MS and the EES may be scientific specialization, and that incommensurability does not preclude rational theory comparison.Publicación Biological Purposes Beyond Natural Selection: SelfRegulation as a Source of Teleology(Springer, 2023-06-09) González de Prado Salas, Javier; Saborido Alejandro, CristianSelected-effects theories provide the most popular account of biological teleology. According to these theories, the purpose of a trait is to do whatever it was selected for. The vast majority of selected-effects theories consider biological teleology to be introduced by natural selection. We want to argue, however, that natural selection is not the only relevant selective process in biology. In particular, our proposal is that biological regulation is a form of biological selection. So, those who accept selected-effects theories should recognize biological regulation as a distinctive source of biological teleology. The purposes derived from biological regulation are of special interest for explaining and predicting the behavior of organisms, given that regulatory mechanisms directly modulate the behavior of the systems they regulate. This explanatory power, added to the fact that regulation is widespread in the biological world, makes the idea that regulation gives rise to its own form of teleology a substantial contribution to the debate on biological teleology.Publicación Diseases as social problems(Springer, 2024-02-02) Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Zamora Bonilla, Jesús PedroIn this paper we articulate a characterization of the concept of disease as a social problem. We argue that, from a social ontology point of view, diseases are problems that are identified and addressed within the framework of concrete social institutions and practices (those that shape medicine). This approach allows us to overcome the classical distinction between naturalist and normativist approaches in the philosophy of medicine, taking into account both the material and the symbolic factors that shape the categories and determine the practices of medicine.Publicación Affordances and organizational functions(Springer, 2023-02-09) Saborido Alejandro, Cristian; Heras Escribano, ManuelIn this paper, we bring together the concepts of affordance from ecological psychology and function from the organizational approach to philosophy of biology into a single integrative framework. This integration allows us to account for the biological basis of the notion of affordance, offering theoretical tools to address the normative interrelations between organisms and their environments.