Persona: García Domínguez, Amabel
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agarcia@ind.uned.es
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0000-0001-5826-4904
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García Domínguez
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Amabel
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Publicación Computational design methodology for additive manufacturing to enhance customised products and process management efficiency(Elsevier, 2025-05-24) García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, Juan; Camacho López, Ana María; Sebastián Pérez, Miguel ÁngelThe emergence of Additive Manufacturing (AM) provides new horizons for innovation and optimization of designs. However, the limited knowledge of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) and the constraints imposed by conventional DfAM frameworks are hindering the potential of AM. The scope of recent studies, focused on algorithmic approaches, is limited to certain aspects of the problem and does not offer a comprehensive solution to generate efficient custom designs. To overcome these limitations, the role of interdisciplinary and transversal DfAM methodologies is essential. This work presents a DfAM methodology based on computational design with a continuous dataflow for the integration of all the design phases of a knowledge-based DfAM framework in a single algorithm, from initial design stages to machine code generation, what fully exploits the potential of additive technologies in customized products. This facilitates the integration of key data relationships and connections, promoting the development of intelligent and efficient open systems. Firstly, a bibliographic review on actual knowledge-based DfAM framework is exposed. Then, the proposed methodology is detailed and discussed. Furthermore, its potential applied to customized parts with specific mechanical requirements is validated through a splint design case study. Finally, the proposed methodology advantages and limitations are discussed.Publicación Optimization methodology for additive manufacturing of customized parts by fused deposition modeling (FDM). Application to a shoe heel(MDPI, 2020-09-17) García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, Juan; Sebastián Pérez, Miguel ÁngelAdditive manufacturing technologies offer important new manufacturing possibilities, but its potential is so big that only with the support of other technologies can it really be exploited. In that sense, parametric design and design optimization tools appear as two appropriate complements for additive manufacturing. Synergies existing between these three technologies allow for integrated approaches to the design of customized and optimized products. While additive manufacturing makes it possible to materialize overly complex geometries, parametric design allows designs to be adapted to custom characteristics and optimization helps to choose the best solution according to the objectives. This work represents an application development of a previous work published in Polymers which exposed the general structure, operation and opportunities of a methodology that integrates these three technologies by using visual programming with Grasshopper. In this work, the different stages of the methodology and the way in which each one modifies the final design are exposed in detail, applying it to a case study: the design of a shoe heel for FDM—an interesting example both from the perspectives of ergonomic and mass customization. Programming, operation and results are exposed in detail showing the complexity, usefulness and potential of the methodology, with the aim of helping other researchers to develop proposals in this line.Publicación Emerging Trends in Hybrid Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing(MDPI, 2025-05-29) Rabalo, Manuel Ángel; García Domínguez, Amabel; Rubio Alvir, Eva MaríaThe great capability of additive manufacturing to produce parts with complex, even impossible to achieve, geometries through five-or-more-axis machining or other conventional processes opened a promising future decades ago. For its part, mature subtractive manufacturing presents problems of material waste, especially relevant in the case of superalloys used in fields such as aerospace. From the need to overcome the limitations of both and take advantage of their capabilities, the new paradigm of hybrid additive and subtractive manufacturing was born, which today is defined as a hybrid flow of subprocesses that interact with the part in the same machine. This paper presents a review of the emerging trends in additive–subtractive manufacturing over the last five years. This review has been carried out by applying an adaptation of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology to the field of manufacturing engineering. Specifically, open access papers published in English between 2020 and 2024, collected in prestigious journals (classified as Q1 and Q2 within the ranking of their respective categories according to the Journal Citation Report), and peer-reviewed conference proceedings of recognized prestige have been selected. From the analysis of the selected articles, it is concluded that hybrid additive and subtractive manufacturing is especially focused on the aerospace field, using titanium and nickel alloys, combining processes among which DED (directed energy deposition) and milling stand out.Publicación Injection Mold for Plastics Manufactured by Metal-FFF with Conformal Cooling Channels: A Proof-of-Concept Case(MDPI, 2025-09-01) Solis, José Enrique; Claver Gil, Juan; Marín Martín, Marta María; Rubio Alvir, Eva María; García Domínguez, AmabelInjection molding is widely used for mass-producing plastic components, demanding precise thermal control to optimize cycle times and part quality. Traditional CNC-machined molds limit design flexibility and restrict advanced cooling features like conformal cooling channels (CCCs). Integrating CCCs improves cooling performance, reduces cycle times, and offers more efficient, cost-effective designs. Additive manufacturing (AM), especially Metal-Fused Filament Fabrication (Metal-FFF), offers geometries unattainable by machining. While most mold research focuses on Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), the feasibility of Metal-FFF molds remains underexplored. This study presents the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of an injection mold produced via Metal-FFF with integrated CCCs. The process included computational design, resistance simulations, fabrication, debinding, sintering, and post-processing, followed by testing under injection molding conditions. Results show that Metal-FFF molds with CCCs boost cooling efficiency, cutting cycle times by about 30% compared to conventional molds, while offering greater design freedom and economic benefits. Nonetheless, issues such as porosity and shrinkage need further refinement to fully leverage this technology for industrial use.Publicación Considerations on the Applicability of Test Methods for Mechanical Characterization of Materials Manufactured by FDM(MDPI, 2019-12-19) García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, Juan; Camacho López, Ana María; Sebastián Pérez, Miguel ÁngelThe lack of specific standards for characterization of materials manufactured by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) makes the assessment of the applicability of the test methods available and the analysis of their limitations necessary; depending on the definition of the most appropriate specimens on the kind of part we want to produce or the purpose of the data we want to obtain from the tests. In this work, the Spanish standard UNE 116005:2012 and international standard ASTM D638–14:2014 have been used to characterize mechanically FDM samples with solid infill considering two build orientations. Tests performed according to the specific standard for additive manufacturing UNE 116005:2012 present a much better repeatability than the ones according to the general test standard ASTM D638–14, which makes the standard UNE more appropriate for comparison of different materials. Orientation on-edge provides higher strength to the parts obtained by FDM, which is coherent with the arrangement of the filaments in each layer for each orientation. Comparison with non-solid specimens shows that the increase of strength due to the infill is not in the same proportion to the percentage of infill. The values of strain to break for the samples with solid infill presents a much higher deformation before fracturePublicación Application of AHP in the selection of additive manufacturing equipment based on the use of artifacts(Emerald, 2025-11-11) García Domínguez, Amabel; Sánchez-Pérez, David; León-Calero, Marina; Rodriguez-Hernandez, Juan; Claver Gil, JuanPurpose Additive manufacturing (AM) has already become a real manufacturing trend and the presence of these technologies in technological companies, research centers, universities or schools is actually normal together with a significant increase of the number and variety of equipment available in each one of these contexts. Thus, choosing the most suitable process, equipment or material arise as a new goal to face because the complexity and impact of these decisions is much higher now than when the implementation of AM was at initial stages. This paper aims to explore the adaptive capacity of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques, specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to help channel these complex decisions. Design/methodology/approach In this study, an initial methodological approach is carried out based on the combination of AHP with the manufacturing and metrological inspection of artifacts obtained from the set of printers available as alternatives. Findings Through a study case, the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed methodological approach are assessed and scenarios in which this kind of approaches can be useful are identified, drawing conclusions to guide the following steps in this line of research. Originality/value The application of MCDM techniques to guide decisions similar to those raised in this study, as well as the use of artifacts to assess the performance of available alternatives in response to certain needs of the design to be manufactured, has been addressed in the scientific literature. However, the combined use of both strategies proposed in this work is novel.Publicación Proposals for the optimization of parts for additive manufacturing(Publicaciones DYNA, 2018-05-01) García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, Juan; Sebastián Pérez, Miguel ÁngelAdditive manufacturing allows greater freedom and new possibilities for designers. Thus, at the manufacturing stage, additive manufacturing has very few geometrical limitations in comparision with traditional manufacturing process. In that context, the optimization of the designs grows in importance. Both topology and multiobjective optimization are fields of great interest as links between the Computer-Aided Design of pieces and the new additive manutacturing techonologies. But these kind of approaches have problems related to the non continuous work flow during the optimization process. This work exposes an initial aproximation to topology and multi-objective optimization of pieces obtained by 3D printing by using the solvers included on the software Grasshopper, which work through structures designed by graphic computer programming. Then, 3D models of the pieces are analyzed in order to determinate the resistance and service behaviour of the optimized designs, and the pieces are obtained by 3D printing in order to check their printability.Publicación Analysis of Restrictions on Public Funding and Management of R&D Projects Arising from Legislation: The Case of the Spanish Context(MDPI, 2024-11-07) Coca Valdés, Pablo Luis; García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, JuanThis article examines the challenges posed by national legislative frameworks in the European Union Member States regarding the management of publicly funded research and development (R&D) projects. Taking the case of Spain and its General Subsidies Act as an example, this study analyzes 55 R&D funding calls published by the Spanish Central Administration in 2021 and 2022. This research identifies key challenges associated with change management in these projects. This research performed a detailed review of relevant legislation and its application to R&D projects, alongside an analysis of regulatory bases making use of a flexibility index (FI) to assess the adaptability of grant conditions. Also, quantitative methodologies like Pearson’s correlation coefficient and principal component analysis were employed. The findings reveal that flexibility in project management, particularly concerning changes in scope, budget, and timeframes, is limited due to the rigidity of the legal framework. This lack of flexibility means a significant challenge for effective project execution, which inherently requires adaptability to manage uncertainty. This research suggests that future reforms should prioritize greater legal flexibility to improve the efficiency and success of publicly funded R&D initiatives. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of how regulatory constraints impact innovation management.Publicación Lattice Structures in Additive Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications: A Systematic Review(MDPI, 2025-08-23) Polo, Samuel; García Domínguez, Amabel; Rubio Alvir, Eva María; Claver Gil, JuanThe present study offers a systematic review of the current state of research on lattice structures manufactured by additive technologies for biomedical applications, with the aim of identifying common patterns, such as the use of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) for bone scaffolds, as well as technological gaps and future research opportunities. Employing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology, the review process ensures methodological rigor and replicability across the identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion phases. Additionally, PRISMA was tailored by prioritizing technical databases and engineering-specific inclusion criteria, thereby aligning the methodology with the scope of this field. In recent years, a substantial surge in interdisciplinary research has underscored the promise of architected porous structures in enhancing mechanical compatibility, fostering osseointegration, and facilitating personalized medicine. A growing body of literature has emerged that explores the optimization of geometric features to replicate the behavior of biological tissues, particularly bone. Additive manufacturing (AM) has played a pivotal role in enabling the fabrication of complex geometries that are otherwise unachievable by conventional methods. The applications of lattice structures range from permanent load-bearing implants, commonly manufactured through selective laser melting (SLM), to temporary scaffolds for tissue regeneration, often produced with extrusion-based processes such as fused filament fabrication (FFF) or direct ink writing (DIW). Notwithstanding these advances, challenges persist in areas such as long-term in vivo validation, standardization of mechanical and biological testing, such as ISO standards for fatigue testing, and integration into clinical workflows.Publicación Metodología para la optimización de piezas producidas por fabricación aditiva en estrategias de "mass customization"(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado. Programa de Doctorado en Tecnologías Industriales, 2019-12-16) García Domínguez, Amabel; Claver Gil, Juan; Sebastián Pérez, Miguel ÁngelLas tecnologías de fabricación aditiva suponen un cambio de paradigma respecto de las tecnologías de fabricación tradicionales al producir las piezas mediante capas sucesivas en las que se deposita material hasta completar la geometría final. Esta forma de operar ofrece diversas ventajas frente los procesos tradicionales, como puede ser la obtención de la geometría final en un único proceso, pero quizás la más significativa es la libertad geométrica que introducen en el proceso de diseño. El diseño de un producto debe ser consciente de las restricciones que los procesos productivos imponen, ignorarlos conduciría al fracaso en la fase de materialización. En ese sentido la fabricación aditiva elimina restricciones de las tecnologías anteriores y dota de gran libertad a los diseños pudiendo obtener geometrías muy complejas antes imposibles y muy especialmente en lo que se refiere a las cavidades interiores. Tanto es así que la fabricación aditiva introduce también la idea de relleno, aplicable a las partes entendidas como sólidas de la pieza y que tradicionalmente son macizas. Este nuevo nivel de libertad geométrica permite llevar a otro nivel el concepto de optimización de los diseños, dado que la complejidad de la geometría resultante de la optimización no es un problema, a la vez que se multiplica el número de soluciones factibles. La investigación desarrollada en esta tesis doctoral parte del contexto actual, en el que, por un lado, las distintas tecnologías de fabricación aditiva existentes han logrado mayor presencia y reconocimiento en el ámbito productivo, y por otro, las herramientas de diseño y de optimización tienen capacidad para responder a los nuevos retos que las nuevas capacidades de estos medios productivos plantea a los diseñadores. Así, esta tesis doctoral busca desarrollar una metodología de optimización, basada en la programación visual de Grasshopper y con un flujo de datos continuo, que permita optimizar piezas obtenidas mediante cualquier tecnología aditiva y que contribuya o pueda integrarse en estrategias de mass customization o customización en masa. Dentro de la optimización multiobjetivo que se plantea, destaca la integración del diseño paramétrico de la pieza, así como de la optimización estructural de su volumetría, su relleno y su superficie. De este modo, las formas no vienen preestablecidas por el diseñador, sino que se obtienen como respuesta al problema de optimización de forma generativa y el relleno no responde a patrones prestablecidos, sino a geometrías definidas por el diseñador y cuyos elementos o partes se dimensionan a lo largo de la pieza para dar respuesta a solicitaciones mecánicas de distinta intensidad. El estudio de caso incluido en la investigación desarrollada valida la metodología propuesta desde un planteamiento que pone de manifiesto su utilidad en estrategias de mass customization, incorporando al modelo optimizado la previa adaptación del diseño a las características y necesidades particulares de un usuario concreto.