Persona: Domingo Navas, María Rosario
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rdomingo@ind.uned.es
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0000-0002-3018-6809
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Domingo Navas
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María Rosario
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Publicación Influence of Maintenance Actions in the Drying Stage of a Paper Mill on CO2 Emissions(MDPI, 2021-09-23) Miguel Calvo, Luis; Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. EspañaGreenhouse gases from industrial activities have become a global problem. Emissions management is being developed to raise awareness of the importance of controlling pollution in general and atmospheric emissions in particular. In 2017, the deficit of the rights of issuance in the industrial sectors increased up to 8.3% (verified emissions in 2017 versus allocation in 2017). This trend will increase more at the end of Phase III due to a progressive reduction in allocation. Phase IV will be much more restrictive in allocating emission rights than Phase III. The extra cost of this deficit reinforces the need for industry in general to reduce CO2 and for the paper industry to reduce GHG emissions and generate credits. Old factories are typically identified as sources of pollution in addition to being inefficient compared to new factories. This article discusses the possibilities offered by maintenance actions, whose integration into a process can successfully reduce the environmental impact of industrial plants, particularly by reducing the CO2 equivalent emissions (CO2-eq units henceforth CO2) they produce. This case study analyzes the integration of maintenance rules that enable significant thermal energy savings and consequently CO2 emissions reduction associated with papermaking. Managing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), such as the amount of cold water added to the boiler circuit and the conditions of the air blown into the dryer section hood, can be used as indicators of CO2 emissions generated. The control of the water and temperature reduces these emissions. A defined measure—in this case, t CO2/t Paper—indicates an achievement of a 21% reduction in emissions over the past 8 years.Publicación Towards a Digital Twin Warehouse through the Optimization of Internal Transport(MDPI, 2023-04-07) Félix-Cigalat, Joaquín S.; Domingo Navas, María RosarioThrough the construction of parametric simulation models in which possible storage space distributions and positioning logics are also considered as variables, it is possible to build scenarios that allow analyzing the changing reality of storage needs in order to minimize material movements in each case, optimize internal transportation, and increase the efficiency of production processes. This article shows a particular analysis of a restricted storage space in height, typical to when it comes to logistics associated with raw material in a “big bag” format made of recycled and easily deteriorated material. In conjunction, a location management solution based on passive RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags has been chosen. The process is carried out through simulations with object-oriented discrete event software, where the optimization of the internal transport associated with the layout is carried out considering network theory to define the shortest path between warehouse nodes. The combination of both approaches allows, on the one hand, the evaluation of alternatives in terms of distribution and positioning logics, while the implemented system enables the possibility of making agile changes in the physical configuration of this type of storage space.Publicación Assisted-Driven Design of Customized Maintenance Plans for Industrial Plants(MDPI, 2022-07-15) Rodríguez Padial, Néstor; Marín Martín, Marta María; Domingo Navas, María RosarioCurrent production systems that respond to market demands with high rates of production change and customization use complex systems. These systems are machines with a high capacity for communication, sensing and self-diagnosis, although they are susceptible to failures, breakdowns and a loss of reliability. The amount of data they provide as a productive system and, individually, as a machine can be treated to improve customized maintenance plans. The objective of this work, with an operational scope, is to collect and exploit the knowledge acquired in the industrial plant on failures and breakdowns based on its historical data. The acquisition of the aforementioned data is channeled through the human intellectual capital of the work groups formed for this purpose. Once this knowledge is acquired and available in a worksheet format according to the Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) methodology, it is implemented using Case-Based Reasoning algorithms in a Java application developed for this purpose to carry out the process of RCM, accessing a base of similar cases that can be adapted. This operational definition allows for the control of the maintenance function of an industrial plant in the short term, with a weekly horizon, to design a maintenance plan adjusted to the reality of the plant in its current operating context, which may differ greatly from the originally projected plan or from any other plan caused by new production requirements. This new plan designed as such will apply changes to the equipment, which make up the production system, as a consequence of the adaptation to the changing market demand. As a result, a computer application has been designed, implemented and validated that allows, through the incorporation of RCM cases already successfully carried out on the productive system of the plant, for the development of a customized maintenance plan through an assistant, which, in a conductive way, guides the plant maintenance engineer through their design process, minimizing human error and design time and leveraging existing intellectual capital.Publicación Trajectory Optimization in Terms of Energy and Performance of an Industrial Robot in the Manufacturing Industry(MDPI, 2022-10-05) Garriz, Carlos; Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. EspañaCurrently, the high demand for new products in the automotive sector requires large investments in factories. The automotive industry is characterized by high automatization, largely achieved by manipulator robots capable of multitasking. This work presents a method for the optimization of trajectories in robots with six degrees of freedom and a spherical wrist. The optimization of trajectories is based on the maximization of manipulability and the minimization of electrical energy. For this purpose, it is necessary to take into account the kinematics and dynamics of the manipulator in order to integrate an algorithm for calculation. The algorithm is based on the Kalman method. This algorithm was implemented in a simulation of the trajectories of a serial industrial robot, in which the robot has a sealer gun located on its sixth axis and the quality of the sealer application depends directly on the orientation of the gun. During the optimization of the trajectory, the application of the sealer must be guaranteed. This method was also applied to three different trajectories in the automotive sector. The obtained results for manipulability and electrical energy consumption prove the efficiency of the algorithm. Therefore, this method searches for the optimal solution within the limits of the manipulator and maintains the orientation of the final effector. This can be used for a known trajectory.Publicación Study of Drilling Process by Cooling Compressed Air in Reinforced Polyether-Ether-Ketone(MDPI, 2020-04-22) Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Agustina Tejerizo, Beatriz De; Marín Martín, Marta MaríaThis study is focused on the application of a cooling compressed air system in drilling processes; this environmentally friendly technique allows removing material at very low temperatures, approximately up to −22 °C in the cutting area. The main goals are to find the most improve cutting conditions with less energy consumption, for the drilling of reinforced polyether-ether-ketone with glass fiber at 30% (PEEK-GF30) with cooling compressed air by a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube, and to find a balance between environmental conditions and adequate process performance. Drilling tests were carried out on plates of PEEK-GF30 to analyze the influence of cutting parameters and environmental temperature (–22, 0 and 22 °C) on variables such as thrust forces, energy and material removed rate by the use of statistical methods; analysis of variance, analysis of means, response surface, and desirability function were employed to identify the optimum region that provides the most improved values of the aforementioned variables. Drill bit diameter was also analyzed to determine the quality of drilled holes. During the drilling processes, force signals were detected by a piezoelectric dynamometer connected to multichannel amplifier and a pyrometer was used to control the temperature. The diameters of the drilled holes were measured by a coordinate measuring machine. Cooling compressed air can be considered an adequate technique to improve the results from an environmental and efficient perspective; in particular, the maximum desirability function was found at a spindle speed of 7000 rpm, a feedrate of 1 mm/rev and a temperature close to −22 °C.Publicación EMG Characterization and Processing in Production Engineering(MDPI, 2020-12-20) Olmo, Manuel del; Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. EspañaElectromyography (EMG) signals are biomedical signals that measure electrical currents generated during muscle contraction. These signals are strongly influenced by physiological and anatomical characteristics of the muscles and represent the neuromuscular activities of the human body. The evolution of EMG analysis and acquisition techniques makes this technology more reliable for production engineering applications, overcoming some of its inherent issues. Taking as an example, the fatigue monitoring of workers as well as enriched human–machine interaction (HMI) systems used in collaborative tasks are now possible with this technology. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the current implementation of EMG technology within production engineering, its weaknesses, opportunities, and synergies with other technologies, with the aim of developing more natural and efficient HMI systems that could improve the safety and productivity within production environments.Publicación Intermittent demand forecasting of aerospace rotable parts. A framework for unpredictable flight patterns(Elsevier, 2026-02-22) Olmo, Manuel del; Domingo Navas, María RosarioDemand forecasting of aerospace spare parts has a high impact on aircraft maintenance operations, aircraft serviceability and companies’ profitability. Traditional forecasting methods used in the industry utilise past consumption for forecasting future demand, often overlooking operational data. Incorporating fleet usage-data for capturing service variability in demand forecasting methods is crucial in operations with unpredictable flight patterns, like military aircrafts, business jets, and different air services, like air ambulances, search and rescue or policing operations. In this paper, we present the development of a machine learning (ML) framework for the forecasting of aerospace rotable components, generally life limited or inspected regularly. Different traditional and ML-based forecasting methods are reviewed, the impact of different service-related features is analysed, and a framework for addressing the potential service variability of an asset during its lifetime is proposed. The framework is validated with historical spare parts consumption of a European maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) service centre, achieving the most accurate demand forecast in 99.2% of the stock keeping units (SKUs) analysed compared to traditional baselines.Publicación Study of Drilled Holes after a Cryogenic Machining in Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites(MDPI, 2022-10-12) Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Agustina Tejerizo, Beatriz De; Ayllón Pérez, Jorge; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. EspañaGlass fiber-reinforced composites are widely used in industry, with machining operations frequently performed, drilling, in particular, for later assembly. Although there is a smaller increase in temperature during drilling in composites than in metals, further cooling of the tool can produce improvements in some variables, such as thrust force, diameter, or surface roughness. This has been seen in studies where lower temperatures were achieved by cooling compressed air, reaching around −20 °C in plates of polyether-ether-ketone and polyamide, reinforced with glass fiber at 30% (PEEK-GF30 and PA-GF30, respectively). This paper analyzes the results of cryogenic drilling in plates of PEEK-GF30 and PA-GF30, specifically assessing thrust forces, diameter, and average surface roughness. The experimental methodology was carried out by monitoring thrust forces during cryogenic drilling using a piezoelectric dynamometer, measuring diameters with a coordinate measurement machine, and assessing surface quality with a roughness profilometer. During the cutting, the temperature of the cutting tool achieved a temperature near −120 °C from cooling with liquid nitrogen. Conducting an analytical and statistical study allowed us to determine the relationships between the measured variables and cutting conditions. Our results showed that cooling the tool during the drilling processes improved results of the cutting process.Publicación Libro de Actas. VII Jornadas de Redes de Investigación en Innovación Docente de la UNED(UNED, 2014-12-01) López González, M. Ángeles; Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Cerrada Somolinos, CarlosPublicación Estudio de la fuerza de avance y la circularidad de los agujeros en el taladrado criogénico de materiales compuestos con aramida(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022) Rodríguez Martín, Manuel; Domingo Navas, María Rosario; Ayllón Pérez, Jorge; Agustina Tejerizo, Beatriz DeEl uso de refrigerantes criogénicos en los procesos de mecanizado en los últimos años están teniendo una especial atención, así como su incidencia cuando se usan materiales compuestos, como aquellos reforzados por fibras de aramida o kevlar. Este trabajo analiza los resultados experimentales del taladrado criogénico con nitrógeno líquido en pletinas de aramida, en las fuerzas de avance, los diámetros de los agujeros taladrados y la rugosidad de las paredes, para posteriormente realizar un análisis mediante la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM). Este trabajo encuentra que, en el rango de las condiciones de corte empleadas, el diámetro del agujero no depende de la velocidad de rotación de la broca, mientras que la fuerza de avance y la rugosidad son dependientes de la velocidad de rotación y de avance; además aporta resultados que muestran la viabilidad de este proceso a temperaturas inferiores a -150ºC.