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Lario Gómez, Javier

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0000-0002-2582-5354
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Lario Gómez
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Javier
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Mostrando 1 - 10 de 22
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    Los estudios científicos como herramienta para la conservación y gestión del Monumento Natural Cueva de Castañar (Extremadura)
    (Universidad de Oviedo, 2006) Muñoz Barco, P.; Alonso Zarza, Ana María; Sánchez Moral, Sergio; Martínez Flores, E.; Cuezva Robleño, Soledad; Gil Peña, Inmaculada; Martín Pérez, Ángel; Lario Gómez, Javier
    La Cueva de Castañar, la cavidad con mayor abundancia de espeleotemas de aragonito de España, fue declarada Monumento Natural en el año 1997. Además de estos espeleotemas hay que resaltar la presencia de carbonatos magnésicos. Por ello, la Cueva de Castañar debe considerarse como un laboratorio natural. La cueva presenta un microclima estable y un bajo intercambio energético con el exterior. La oscilación térmica anual de la temperatura del aire es inferior a 0,1°C. Un sistema tan estable es muy frágil ante cualquier perturbación microambiental. Por ello, la entrada de visitantes debe ser mínima y muy controlada. Los resultados de los estudios están permitiendo establecer la estrategia de conservación del Monumento Natural.
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    Presence of boulders associated with an extreme wave event in the western Mediterranean (Cape Cope, Murcia, Spain): possible evidence of a tsunami
    (Springer Nature, 2023-03-20) Spencer, Chris; Bardají Azcárate, Teresa; Lario Gómez, Javier
    La región de Murcia, en el sureste de la Península Ibérica, registra una actividad tectónica moderada, registrándose terremotos de hasta 6,2-6,9 Mw. Aún con una actividad sísmica de esta magnitud no existen registros geológicos ni instrumentales de tsunamis que hayan afectado a la zona. La presencia en Cabo Cope, Murcia, de un cordón litoral de bloques imbricados de tamaño métrico (compuestos por rocas del Pleistoceno superior) que alcanzan una altura de hasta 4 m sobre el nivel del mar, indica que en la zona se ha producido un evento de oleaje extremo durante el Holoceno. Mediante el estudio de las condiciones de oleaje generadas durante grandes tormentas en esta zona, se infiere que este cordón litoral de bloques parece haber sido causado por oleaje extremo asociado a un evento sísmico, como un tsunami.
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    Paleoseismology, Quaternary slip-rate and heat flow of the Benis Fault (SE of Spain)
    (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 2015) Pérez López, Raúl; Martín Velázquez, S.; López Gutiérrez, J.; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Rodríguez Pascua, Miguel Ángel ; Giner Robles, Jorge Luis; Lario Gómez, Javier
    We have carried out a paleoseismic analysis of the Benis Fault, located at the southeast part of Spain. We have estimated the last earthquake size-magnitude and time, from evidence of celling collapse and displaced broken carbonate blocks (M6 and 65 ± 18 ka BP). Our analysis suggests that the tectonic slip-rate of the Benis Fault is lesser than 0.01 mm/yr. Additionally we have measured the deep thermal profile of the Benis Cave (-350 m of vertical development, Cieza, SE of Spain), from single rock point temperature measurements in different field campaigns and for a period of 2 years. The temperature increases with depth, being in consequence a reverse thermal profile in comparison with normal gradients in deep caves. Furthermore, we have estimated the Vertical Geothermal Gradient with a value of 1.85ºC/100 m for the deepest zone (-150-290 m). Finally, we have calculated the heat flux of 0,46 mWm2.
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    Improving the coastal record of tsunamis in the ESI-07 scale: Tsunami Environmental Effects Scale (TEE-16 scale)
    (Universidad Politécnica de Barcelona, 2016-06) Bardají Azcárate, Teresa; Silva, Pablo G.; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Lario Gómez, Javier
    This paper discusses possibilities to improve the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI-07 scale), a scale based on the effects of earthquakes in the environment. This scale comprises twelve intensity degrees and considers primary and secondary effects, one of them the occurrence of tsunamis. Terminology and physical tsunami parameters corresponding to different intensity levels are often misleading and confusing. The present work proposes: i) a revised and updated catalogue of environmental and geological effects of tsunamis, gathering all the available information on Tsunami Environmental Effects (TEEs) produced by recent earthquake-tsunamis; ii) a specific intensity scale (TEE-16) for the effects of tsunamis in the natural environment at coastal areas. The proposed scale could be used in future tsunami events and, in historic and paleo-tsunami studies. The new TEE- 16 scale incorporates the size specific parameters already considered in the ESI-07 scale, such as wave height, run-up and inland extension of inundation, and a comprehensive and more accurate terminology that covers all the different intensity levels identifiable in the geological record (intensities VI-XII). The TEE-16 scale integrates the description and quantification of the potential sedimentary and erosional features (beach scours, transported boulders and classical tsunamites) derived from different tsunami events at diverse coastal environments (e.g. beaches, estuaries, rocky cliffs,). This new approach represents an innovative advance in relation to the tsunami descriptions provided by the ESI-07 scale, and allows the full application of the proposed scale in paleoseismological studies. The analysis of the revised and updated tsunami environmental damage suggests that local intensities recorded in coastal areas do not correlate well with the TEE-16 intensity (normally higher), but shows a good correlation with the earthquake magnitude (Mw). Tsunamis generated by earthquakes can then be considered efficient processes in the direct transference of the “energy” released by offshore seismogenic sources to the nearest coastal areas, even over distances of hundreds of kilometres (>200km). This scale, as the previous ones, is independent of the earthquake type (i.e. style of faulting) and only focuses on the environmental effects triggered by tsunamis of seismic origin.
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    Intercambios de C02 suelo/cavidad en un sistema kárstico somero (Cueva de Altamira, Cantabria)
    (Sociedad Geológica de España. Universidad de Salamanca, 2004) Cuezva Robleño, Soledad; Sánchez Moral, Sergio; Cañaveras, Juan Carlos; Soler, V.; Lario Gómez, Javier
    The monitoring system installed in Altamira Cave (Cantabria) is providing us a continuous record of microenvironmental data, for both cave atmosphere and air trapped in soil (air temperature,-atmos­pheric pressure, 222Rn, CO2 concentration). The karst system has a great importance in the global car­bon cycle, not only far long-term cycles, but a/so far short-term ones. The C01 fluxes between the hypogea/ atmosphere and the externa/ soil air are controlled by differences of temperature and den­sity of air, changes in atmospheric pressure and rainfa/1 regime. The local meteorologica/ conditions and the geometry of the cavity rule CO2 exchanges between cave atmosphere and air trapped in soi/. A temperature inversion (Tint > Text) and a great increase and stabilization in C01 levels takes place in Altamira Cave in autumn. Therefore, during this time the cave acts as a sink of atmospheric CO2•
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    Impacto del Cambio climático en el litoral
    (Asociación Española para la Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra, AEPECT, 2009) Bardají Azcárate, Teresa; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Cabero, Ana; Dabrio, Cristino José; Goy Goy, José Luis; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Lario Gómez, Javier
    El litoral es uno de los medios naturales más transformados por la actividad antrópica, ya sea directa o indirectamente. El 40% de la población mundial vive en la franja costera (un 44% en España), por lo que cualquier alteración del medio natural se convierte en un gran riesgo. Desde la segunda mitad del s.XX, el balance sedimentario ha ido presentando, en general, una tendencia progresivamente negativa debido a actividades humanas, incrementándose los problemas relacionados con la erosión y retroceso costero, a menudo confundidos con una subida del nivel del mar. En los últimos años existe una creciente tendencia a dramatizar sobre el futuro de nuestro litoral, no solo español sino global, a punto de desaparecer por la subida generalizada del nivel del mar que va a arrasar gran parte de los terrenos costeros. Nuestro litoral está enfermo pero para poder entender cuál es el peligro real frente al cambio climático, es necesario entender bien cuál es la problemática concreta de cada sector, es decir cómo es el balance sedimentario real, cuáles son las causas de los posibles desequilibrios, cuál ha sido la tendencia del nivel del mar en un pasado cercano, y sobre todo saber si un determinado sector podría o no adaptarse de forma natural a una subida del nivel del mar, etc. Es decir, tenemos que conocer antes que juzgar.
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    Estadios Isotópicos Marinos. Estratigrafía de los isótopos del oxígeno
    (['Asociación Española para el Estudio del Cuaternario (AEQUA)', 'Sociedad Española de Geomorfología (SEG)'], 2022-12-15) Bardají Azcárate, Teresa; Lario Gómez, Javier
    La estratigrafía de los isótopos del oxígeno no es un método de datación por sí mismo, sino que es necesaria la comparación de nuestros registros con secuencias isotópicas “globales “para su correlación. La proporción de los isótopos del oxígeno (O16, O18) en compuestos moleculares que contienen este elemento (p.ej. H2O, CaCO3) varía en función de la temperatura. La relación O18/O16 (δO18) nos ayuda no solo a determinar las temperaturas en el pasado geológico de la Tierra, sino también a identificar los cambios en el volumen de hielo en casquetes polares, promovidos por las variaciones en los parámetros orbitales (precesión, oblicuidad, excentricidad). La sucesión de épocas glaciares e interglaciares a lo largo del Cuaternario ha quedado registrada en sondeos oceánicos profundos (CaCO3 de los caparazones de organismos bentónicos y planctónicos) definiéndose estadios isotópicos mediante números pares (glaciares) e impares (interglaciares). La escala isotópica ha adquirido un valor cronoestratigráfico al construirse modelos de edad a partir de dataciones isotópicas (C14, series de Uranio, para los estadios isotópicos más recientes), la escala paleomagnética, y, sobre todo, mediante su ajuste astronómico. La correlación de nuestros registros con las secuencias isotópicas así establecidas nos permite establecer su cronología e interpretar la respuesta paleoclimática en nuestras latitudes ante las variaciones paleoclimáticas globales.
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    The Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Cadiz as a natural laboratory for paleotsunami research: Recent advancements
    (Elsevier, 2021) Martini, Paolo Marco de; Bruins, H. J.; Feist, Lisa; Goodman Tchernov, Beverly N.; Hadler, H.; Mastronuzzi, G.; Obrocki, L.; Pantosti, Daniela; Paris, Raphaël; Reicherter, Klaus R.; Smedile, A.; Vött, A.; Lario Gómez, Javier
    After the 2004 Indian Ocean (IOT) and the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunamis, new research in tsunami-related fields was strongly stimulated worldwide and also in the Mediterranean. This research growth yields substantial advancements in tsunami knowledge. Among these advancements is the “Paleotsunami” research that has marked particular progress on the reconstruction of the tsunami history of a region. As an integration of the historical documentation available in the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Cadiz areas, geological and geoarchaeological records provide the insights to define the occurrence, characteristics, and impact of tsunamis of the past. Here, we present the recent advancements done for both the onshore and offshore realms. As for the onshore, we discuss case studies dealing with recent high-resolution works based on: a) direct push in situ sensing techniques, applied to identification and characterization of typical paleotsunami deposits features; b) combined XRF-X-CT approach, implemented for the identification of fine-scale sedimentary structures useful for the definition of the causative flow dynamics; c) the geoarchaeological “new field” contribution, with the development of specific diagnostic criteria in search for tsunami impact traces in archaeological strata; d) comparison of multiple dating methods and of different modeling codes for the definition of the potential source for the displacement of boulders of exceptional dimension, identified by 3D size calculation. As for the offshore advancements, we present case studies focusing on the recognition of tsunami deposits and their sedimentary traces in the geological record from the nearshore, thanks to diver-operated coring equipment, down to the continental slope, by means of vibracorer and long gravity core sampling in deeper areas. The examples provided show a multiproxy approach with a high potential of retrieving a complete record of paleotsunami traces at least during the Holocene. This is based on the combination of multidisciplinary approaches including X-ray imaging, high-resolution measurement of physical properties, Xray fluorescence data, grain-size analysis, micropaleontology, palynological content, isotopic and optically stimulated luminescence dating methods.
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    Tectonic and morphosedimentary features of the 2010 Chile earthquake and tsunami in the Arauco Gulf and Mataquito River (Central Chile)
    (Elsevier, 2016-05-23) Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Lario Gómez, Javier
    Effects of the 2010 Chilean earthquake and tsunami were evaluated at coastal sites between two zones of different coseismic deformations. Land deformation, run-up, inundation extent and deposit extent and thickness were measured in the field, providing insights into the processes and morphological changes associated with tsunami inundation and backwash. Three to five waves, of up to 10 m height, deposited several related layers along the coast, the thickness of these sandy deposits does not exceed 80 cm, and is generally less than 30 cm. Coseismic deformation measured by means of bio- and geomorphic markers agrees well both with model deformation and measured GPS. There is no relationship between the run-up height and the trend of coseismic deformation (uplift or subsidence), mainly because the effects of the tsunami were influenced locally by offshore bathymetry and coastal morphology.
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    Micromorphological Study of Site Formation Processes at El Sidrón Cave (Asturias, Northern Spain): Encrustations over Neanderthal Bones
    (MDPI, 2021) Cañaveras, Juan Carlos; Sánchez Moral, Sergio; Duarte Matías, E.; Santos Delgado, Gabriel; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Cuezva Robleño, Soledad; Fernández Cortés, Ángel; Muñoz Cervera, María Concepción; Rasilla, Marco de la; Lario Gómez, Javier
    El Sidrón Cave is an archaeological and anthropological reference site of the Neanderthal world. It shows singular activity related to cannibalisation, and all existing processes are relevant to explain the specific behaviour of the concerned individuals. This paper presents geoarchaeological data, primarily based on mineralogical and petrographic techniques, from an investigation of the nature of the encrustations or hard coatings that affect a large part of the Neanderthal bone remains and their relationship with the depositional and post-depositional processes at the archaeological site. Crusts and patina were found to be numerous and diverse, mainly composed of calcite and siliciclastic grains, with different proportions and textures. The analysis indicated different origins and scenarios from their initial post-mortem accumulation to the final deposit recovered during the archaeological work. The presence of micromorphological features, such as clotted-peloidal micrite, needle-fibre calcite (NFC) aggregates, clay coatings, iron–manganese impregnation, and/or adhered aeolian dust may indicate that a significant proportion of the remains were affected by subaerial conditions in a relatively short period of time in a shelter, cave entrance, or shallower level of the karstic system, prior to their accumulation in the Ossuary Gallery.