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2025-12-12
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info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
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Bellasterra Edicions
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Este artículo propone una aproximación analítica al modo en que el Estado español ha abordado −y en muchos casos evitado− los procesos de reparación vinculados al colonialismo y la esclavitud. A partir del marco conceptual de la Justicia Transicional, se examinan diferentes mecanismos institucionales de reconocimiento, restitución y memoria, cuyo impulso en los últimos quince años es incontestable. El texto se apoya en la experiencia del African American Redress Network y su transposición en el Trans-Atlantic Redress Network para cartografiar las acciones y proponer formas de clasificación y comprensión, que co-necten también con la dimensión global del fenómeno, que no debe en-tenderse de forma aislada. A través de un análisis de iniciativas parla-mentarias, procesos de repatriación de patrimonio, y resignificaciones del espacio público, el estudio revela una respuesta estatal fragmenta-ria, dependiente de presiones sociales y marcada por tensiones ideoló-gicas. El trabajo concluye que, en España, a pesar del incremento los últimos quince años, y especialmente desde 2020 con el impulso inter-nacional del Black Lives Matter, persiste una ausencia de política pú-blica coherente, agravada por la polarización política y el auge de dis-cursos negacionistas. El estudio subraya la necesidad de incorporar las voces de los colectivos conectados con pasados conflictivos en el diseño de estrategias de justicia histórica, así como de articular un marco ins-titucional y pedagógico que supere la dimensión simbólica y asuma el colonialismo como una estructura persistente en las formas actuales de desigualdad y exclusión.
This article proposes an analytical approach to the way the Spain has addressed−and in many cases avoided−reparations processes related to colonialism and slavery. Using the conceptual framework of Transi-tional Justice, it examines different institutional mechanisms of recog-nition, restitution, and memory whose momentum over the last fifteen years is undeniable. The text draws on the experience of the African American Redress Network and its transposition into the Trans-At-lantic Redress Network to map actions and propose forms of classifi-cation and understanding that also connect with the global dimension of the phenomenon, which should not be understood in isolation. Through an analysis of parliamentary initiatives, heritage repatriation processes, and the re-signification of public spaces, the study reveals a fragmented state response, dependent on social pressures and marked by ideological tensions. The article concludes that in Spain, despite in-creased activity in the past fifteen years−and especially since 2020 with the international momentum of Black Lives Matter−there remains an absence of coherent public policy, aggravated by political polarization and the rise of denialist discourses. The study underlines the need to incorporate the voices of groups connected with these conflictive pasts in the design of historical justice strategies, as well as to articulate an institutional and pedagogical framework that goes beyond symbolic measures and addresses colonialism as a persistent structure shaping current forms of inequality and exclusion.
This article proposes an analytical approach to the way the Spain has addressed−and in many cases avoided−reparations processes related to colonialism and slavery. Using the conceptual framework of Transi-tional Justice, it examines different institutional mechanisms of recog-nition, restitution, and memory whose momentum over the last fifteen years is undeniable. The text draws on the experience of the African American Redress Network and its transposition into the Trans-At-lantic Redress Network to map actions and propose forms of classifi-cation and understanding that also connect with the global dimension of the phenomenon, which should not be understood in isolation. Through an analysis of parliamentary initiatives, heritage repatriation processes, and the re-signification of public spaces, the study reveals a fragmented state response, dependent on social pressures and marked by ideological tensions. The article concludes that in Spain, despite in-creased activity in the past fifteen years−and especially since 2020 with the international momentum of Black Lives Matter−there remains an absence of coherent public policy, aggravated by political polarization and the rise of denialist discourses. The study underlines the need to incorporate the voices of groups connected with these conflictive pasts in the design of historical justice strategies, as well as to articulate an institutional and pedagogical framework that goes beyond symbolic measures and addresses colonialism as a persistent structure shaping current forms of inequality and exclusion.
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Citación
Celeste Muñoz Martínez, ¿Qué justicia para qué imperio? Hacia una cartografía de la reparación en España, en Celeste Muñoz Martinez y Oriol López Badell (eds). 2025. ¿Qué hacemos con el pasado colonial? Justicia, reparación y memoria. Barcelona: Edicions Bellaterra. ISBN: 979-13-87639-43-3
Centro
Facultad de Geografía e Historia
Departamento
Historia Contemporánea