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Fecha
2010-05-14
Derechos de acceso
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editorial
Elsevier
Citas
Resumen
Objetivos
Analizar, con un enfoque de género, las percepciones y actitudes de los y las profesionales de atención primaria ante el cuidado informal.
Métodos
Diseño cualitativo con entrevistas individuales y grupo de discusión. Mediante muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 18 profesionales de atención primaria (Distrito Sanitario de Granada). Se realizó un análisis de contenido con las categorías: a) percepciones: conceptos de dependencia y cuidado informal, roles de género e impacto en salud; b) actitudes: conservadora, actitud hacia el cambio y derecho a no cuidar.
Resultados
Los profesionales y las destacaron el carácter profano, gratuito y con gran componente afectivo del cuidado informal; otorgaron a la familia, especialmente a las mujeres, la principal responsabilidad de cuidar, y recurrieron a estereotipos para diferenciar el cuidado dispensado por hombres y mujeres. Reconocieron que las mujeres presentan una mayor sobrecarga psicológica, principalmente por cuidar en solitario en mayor medida que los hombres. Emergieron tres actitudes ante el cuidado informal: ausencia de cuestionamiento de la situación actual e idealización de la familia como marco idóneo para cuidar; propuesta de cambio hacia una atención pública universal a la dependencia que descargue a las familias; y en una posición intermedia, actitud educadora para lograr el bienestar de las personas cuidadoras y evitar que dejen de cuidar.
Conclusiones
Se identifican algunas percepciones y actitudes de profesionales ante el cuidado informal poco sensibles o potencialmente negativas para la equidad de género, como son la actitud conservadora que otorga a la familia la principal responsabilidad de cuidar y algunos estereotipos sexistas que atribuyen a las mujeres más capacidades para hacerlo. Se precisa formación específica de los y las profesionales para potenciar la incorporación del enfoque de género en el trabajo que realizan en relación con el cuidado informal.
Objectives To analyze primary care professionals’ perceptions and attitudes to informal care from a gender perspective. Methods We performed a qualitative study using interviews and a discussion group. Eighteen primary care professionals were selected in the Health District of Grenada (Spain) by means of intentional sampling. Content analysis was performed with the following categories: a) perceptions: concepts of dependency and informal care, gender differences and impact on health, b) attitudes: not in favor of change, in favor of change and the right not to provide informal care. Results The health professionals emphasized the non-professional, free and strong emotional component of informal care. These professionals assigned the family (especially women) the main responsibility for caregiving and used stereotypes to differentiate between care provided by men and by women. The professionals agreed that women had a greater psychological burden associated with care, mainly because they more frequently provide caregiving on their own than men. Three major attitudes emerged among health professionals about informal care: those who did not question the current situation and idealized the family as the most appropriate framework for caregiving; those who proposed changes toward a more universal dependency system that would relieve families; and those who adopted an intermediate position, favoring education to achieve wellbeing in caregivers and prevent them from ceasing to provide care. Conclusions We identified perceptions and attitudes that showed little sensitivity to gender equality, such as a conservative attitude that assigned the family the primary responsibility for informal care and some sexist stereotypes that attributed a greater ability for caregiving to women. Specific training in gender equality is required among health professionals to reduce inequalities in informal care.
Objectives To analyze primary care professionals’ perceptions and attitudes to informal care from a gender perspective. Methods We performed a qualitative study using interviews and a discussion group. Eighteen primary care professionals were selected in the Health District of Grenada (Spain) by means of intentional sampling. Content analysis was performed with the following categories: a) perceptions: concepts of dependency and informal care, gender differences and impact on health, b) attitudes: not in favor of change, in favor of change and the right not to provide informal care. Results The health professionals emphasized the non-professional, free and strong emotional component of informal care. These professionals assigned the family (especially women) the main responsibility for caregiving and used stereotypes to differentiate between care provided by men and by women. The professionals agreed that women had a greater psychological burden associated with care, mainly because they more frequently provide caregiving on their own than men. Three major attitudes emerged among health professionals about informal care: those who did not question the current situation and idealized the family as the most appropriate framework for caregiving; those who proposed changes toward a more universal dependency system that would relieve families; and those who adopted an intermediate position, favoring education to achieve wellbeing in caregivers and prevent them from ceasing to provide care. Conclusions We identified perceptions and attitudes that showed little sensitivity to gender equality, such as a conservative attitude that assigned the family the primary responsibility for informal care and some sexist stereotypes that attributed a greater ability for caregiving to women. Specific training in gender equality is required among health professionals to reduce inequalities in informal care.
Descripción
La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en “Gaceta sanitaria 24(4) (2010), 293-302", está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2010.02.011
The registered version of this article, first published in “Gaceta sanitaria 24(4) (2010), 293-302", is available online at the publisher's website: Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2010.02.011
The registered version of this article, first published in “Gaceta sanitaria 24(4) (2010), 293-302", is available online at the publisher's website: Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2010.02.011
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Cuidado informal, Cuidadores familiares, Género, Desigualdades de género, Atención primaria, Relaciones profesional-familia, Informal care, Caregivers, Gender, Gender inequalities, Primary health care, Health professional-family relations
Citación
Garcia MM; Del Rio M Castaño E; Mateo I, Maroto G; Hidalgo, N., (2010). Gender analysis of primary care professionals’ perceptions and attitudes to informal care. Gaceta sanitaria 24 (4), 293-302 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2010.02.011
Centro
Facultad de Psicología
Departamento
Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones