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Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada

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Mateo Rodríguez
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Inmaculada
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Mostrando 1 - 10 de 14
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    Elaboración de criterios e indicadores para desarrollar y evaluar programas de envejecimiento saludable en los lugares de trabajo
    (Ministerio de Sanidad, 2015-09-01) Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Daponte Codina, Antonio; Bernal Solano, Mariola; Sánchez Pérez, José; European Commission (EC)
    Fundamentos: En el actual contexto poblacional de envejecimiento de la población y prolongación de la vida laboral, los programas de promoción de salud en el trabajo son una herramienta clave y necesaria para promover un envejecimiento activo y saludable. El objetivo fue elaborar una herramienta tipo lista de verificación para orientar la planificación, implementación y evaluación de buenas prácticas en intervenciones en este ámbito, aplicables a una variedad de programas, países y centros de trabajo. Métodos: Se utilizó una técnica Delphi en tres rondas en la que participaron expertos/as de cinco países europeos. Se elaboró un cuestionario en línea a partir de una lista de criterios e indicadores y, empleando el correo electrónico, se trabajó durante las sucesivas rondas en su adaptación a la evaluación de intervenciones. Mediante procesos de valoración y consenso, se priorizaron los criterios e indicadores más relevantes. Resultados: Partiendo de nueve criterios basales se priorizaron cuatro criterios clave cuyas puntuaciones medias fueron: relevancia: 62, adecuación al objetivo: 57, innovación: 50 y garantía de calidad: 41. Utilizando esta matriz de criterios e indicadores se diseñó una lista de verificación con la información clave que debe recogerse a la hora de planificar, implementar y evaluar buenas prácticas en las intervenciones. Conclusiones: La lista de verificación ayuda a sistematizar la metodología global de implantación de intervenciones que puede ser utilizada por responsables de los programas para promover el envejecimiento activo y saludable en los centros de trabajo.
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    Exhausted women, tough men: a qualitative study on gender differences in health, vulnerability and coping with illness in Spain
    (Wiley, 2012-03-23) García Calvente, María del Mar; Hidalgo Ruzzante, Natalia; Rio Lozano, María del; Marcos Marcos, Jorge; Martínez Morante, Emilia; Maroto Navarro, García; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Gil García, Eugenia
    This study analyses different perceptions by women and men, from different social backgrounds and ages, regarding their health, vulnerability and coping with illness, and describes the main models provided by both sexes to explain determinants for gender inequalities in health. The qualitative study involved in-depth interviews with women and men resident in Granada (Spain). The women rated their health worse than men, associating it with feelings of exhaustion. However, men tended to overrate their health, hiding their problems behind the ‘tough guy’ stereotype associated with masculinity. Both women and men shared the belief that women are more vulnerable, while men are weaker at coping with illness. The explanatory models offered for this paradox of ‘weak but strong women’ and ‘tough but weak men’ were different for each sex. Men used biological arguments more than women, centred on the female reproductive cycle. Women used more cultural models and identified determinants relating to social stratification, gender roles and power imbalances. In conclusion, gender constructions affect the health perceptions of both women and men at any social level or age. ‘Exhausted’ women and ‘tough’ men should form preferential target groups for intervention to reduce gender inequalities in health.
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    Centenary Personality: Are There Psychological Resources that Distinguish Centenarians?
    (Springer, 2023-11-08) Merino, Mª Dolores; Sánchez-Ortega, Marta; Elvira-Flores, Elvira; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada
    The number of centenarians is increasing year by year. Considering that happier people are likely to live longer, we asked ourselves whether healthy centenarians share psychological resources or positive personality characteristics that have enabled them to face traumatic situations and the challenges life more successfully. To our knowledge this is an issue that has not been sufficiently researched. Mixed methodology was applied. Qualitative Study 1: Nineteen centenarians participated between 100 and 107 years old of which 16 were women. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews about their life story were done. Quantitative Study 2: The purpose was to control the results of Study 1. Fifteen proxies for the centenarians participated. Results: In Study 1, 35 psychological resources were identified, of which 19 were central or identifying resources of the centenarians, and 16 peripheral or the product of individual differences. The central resources were grouped into six categories: vitality, taking pleasure in interaction, commitment, control, intellectually motivated and positivity, with resilience and intelligence added. The results in Study 2 were completely concordant. In conclusion, analysis of the lives of healthy centenarians provides us with knowledge that could help in achieving a healthy old age. Additionally, the study opens up new lines of research.
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    Criteria for implementing interventions to reduce health inequalities in primary care settings in European regions
    (Oxford University Press, 2014-04-16) Daponte Codina, Antonio; Bernal Solano, Mariola; Bolívar, Julia; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Salmi, Louis-Rachid; Barsanti, Sara; Berghmans, Luc; Piznal, Ewelina; Bourgueil, Yann; Márquez, Soledad; González, Ingrid; Carriazo, Ana; Maros-Szabo, Zsuzsanna; Ménival, Solange; European Commission’s Executive Agency for Health and Consumers
    Background: The current social and political context is generating socio-economic inequalities between and within countries, causing and widening health inequalities. The development and implementation of interventions in primary health care (PHC) settings seem unavoidable. Attempts have been made to draw up adequate criteria to guide and evaluate interventions but none for the specific case of PHC. This methodological article aims to contribute to this field by developing and testing a set of criteria for guiding and evaluating real-life interventions to reduce health inequalities in PHC settings in European regions. Methods: A literature review, nominal group technique, survey and evaluation template were used to design and test a set of criteria. The questionnaire was answered by professionals in charge of 46 interventions carried out in 12 European countries, and collected detailed information about each intervention. Third-party experts scored the interventions using the set of evaluation criteria proposed. Results: Nine criteria to guide and evaluate interventions were proposed: relevance, appropriateness, applicability, innovation, quality assurance, adequacy of resources, effectiveness in the process, effectiveness in results and mainstreaming. A working definition was drawn up for each one. These criteria were then used to evaluate the interventions identified. Conclusions: The set of criteria drawn up to guide the design, implementation and evaluation of interventions to reduce health inequalities in PHC will be a useful instrument to be applied to interventions under development for culturally, politically and socio-economically diverse PHC contexts throughout Europe.
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    Brecha de género persistente en la parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria en España durante el periodo 2013-2018
    (Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), 2022-08-01) Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Knox, Emily C.; Ruiz-Azpiazu, José Ignacio; Fernández del Valle, Patricia; Daponte-Codina, Antonio; Jiménez-Fàbrega, Xavier; Navalpotro-Pascual, José M.ª; Iglesias-Vázquez, José Antonio; Echarri-Sucunza, Alfredo; Alonso-Moreno, Daniel; Forner-Canos, Ana Belén; García-Ochoa Blanco, M.ª José; Pozo-Pérez, Carmen del; Mainar-Gómez, Belén; Batres-Gómez, Susana; Cortés-Ramas, José Antonio; Ceniceros-Rozalén, M.ª Isabel; Guirao-Salinas, Francisco Ángel; Fernández-Martínez, Begoña; Mora, María Ángela; Carriedo-Scher, Cristina; Bragado-Blas, M.ª Lourdes; Mellado-Vergel, Francisco J.; Rosell-Ortiz, Fernando
    Objetivos. Examinar las diferencias de género en las características de la parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria (PCRE), los tratamientos, la supervivencia, y los cambios evolutivos en España. Método. Datos de dos series temporales (2013/2014 y 2017/2018) del registro prospectivo de PCRE (OHSCAR). Se incluyeron todos los casos consecutivos en los que intervino un equipo de emergencias. Las variables dependientes fueron las variables de atención de la PCRE, la llegada al hospital con pulso espontáneo, la supervivencia global al alta, y con buenos resultados neurológicos. El sexo fue la variable independiente. Resultados. Las mujeres fueron significativamente mayores, menos propensas a presentar una PCRE en lugar público, recibir desfibrilación externa automática, tener un ritmo inicial desfibrilable y ser atendidas por una ambulancia en menos de 15 minutos. Además, menos mujeres recibieron intervención coronaria percutánea o hipotermia al ingreso hospitalario. Tanto en 2013/2014 como en 2017/2018 las mujeres tuvieron menos probabilidades de supervivencia al ingreso hospitalario (OR = 0,52; p < 0,001; OR = 0,61; p = 0,009 respectivamente), y al alta hospitalaria (OR = 0,69; p = 0,001; OR = 0,72; p = 0,001, respectivamente) y con buenos resultados neurológicos (OR = 0,50; p < 0,001; OR = 0,63; p <0,001, respectivamente). Conclusiones. En ambos periodos las mujeres tuvieron menos probabilidades de sobrevivir y de hacerlo en buenas condiciones neurológicas. Estos resultados indican la necesidad de adoptar nuevos enfoques para abordar las diferencias de género en la PCRE.
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    Post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology in people affected by home eviction in Spain
    (Cambridge University Press, 2017-10-27) Robles Ortega, Humbelina; Guerra, Pedro; González Usera, isis; Mata Martín, José Luis; Fernández Santaella, M. Carmen; Vila, jaime; Bolivar Muñoz, Julia; Bernal Solano, Mariola; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Daponte Codina, Antonio
    Despite the higher proportion of foreclosures and home evictions executed in Spain, compared to other countries, and the known link between social exclusion and mental health problems, studies exploring this association in Spain remain scarce. This study investigated the link between the process of home eviction and the appearance of symptomatology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. Two hundred and five people affected by the process of home eviction were assessed using a structured interview that included three validated assessment instruments for PTSD, perceived stress, anxiety and depression. Analysis involved comparison with the normative groups that formed the validation studies together with regression analysis to determine the major psychological and socio-demographic predictors of perceived stress. Of the participants, 95.1% reported that they were experiencing the process of home eviction with fear, helplessness, or horror. In PTSD symptomatology, they scored higher than the normative PTSD group in symptoms of avoidance (t = 5.01; p < .05), activation (t = 5.48; p < .01), and total score (t = 4.15; p < .05). Of this subgroup, 72.5% fulfilled the DSM-IV symptom criteria for PTSD. The major predictor of perceived stress was PTSD symptomatology (B = .09; p < .001). The process of home eviction in Spain is having an alarming impact on mental health of affected people calling for effective measures to provide psychological and social support.
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    Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Correctional Officers: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (Oxford University Press, 2008-02-16) Ghaddar, Ali; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Sánchez, Pablo
    A harsh psychosocial environment in the workplace might cause adverse health events, but the association has not been well demonstrated in the penitentiary environment. This cross-sectional study was designed to explore the association between workplace psychosocial risks and the mental health of correctional officers in a Spanish penitentiary center. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to correctional officers. A total of 164 responded anonymously (response rate 43%). The SF36 survey was used to measure mental health and ISTAS21 (Spanish version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was used to measure exposure to workplace psychosocial conditions. Low scores were obtained for mental health, high scores were obtained for psychological demands, low self-esteem, and low control and influence and moderate scores for low social support, double exposure, and insecurity at work. A linear regression analysis was constructed to study the influence of workplace psychosocial conditions (independent variables) on mental health (dependent variable). The effect was adjusted for sex, age, seniority, and occupational group. Psychological demands (highest impact), low control and influence, and double exposure had significant inverse associations with mental health. The association between low social support, low self-esteem, and insecurity at work with mental health was insignificant. Psychosocial work conditions are a potential target for mental health promotion programs at work.
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    Patient responses to symptoms of acute coronary syndrome: a gender-perspective study
    (Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias, 2013-01-01) Muñoz Bolívar, Julia; Martínez Cassinello, Rafael; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Torres Ruiz, Miguel Julián; Pascual Martínez, Nuria; Rosell Ortiz, Fernando; Reina Toral, Antonio; Martín Castro, Carmen; Daponte Codina, Antonio
    Objective: To determine the environmental characteristics and the opinions, behaviors, and types of transfer to hospital of men and women who experience symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (acute myocardial infarct and unstable angina). Methods: Descriptive observational study of a representative sample of patients with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome who were admitted to the intensive care units of 33 public health service hospitals in 8 provinces in Andalusia, Spain, between 2007 and 2010. Results: A total of 1416 surveys were completed; 948 were for men and 468 were for women (mean [SD] ages, 63.0 and 70.5 years, respectively). Symptoms usually began in the patients home. Fewer than a third of the patients surveyed knew they were experiencing a coronary event from the beginning of symptoms (29.9% of men and 24.2% of women; P<.001). The first reaction of 26.0% was to call or try to find a family member, friend, or neighbor. Many undertook more than 1 measure when they sensed they needed help. More than half these patients used their own transport to a reach the hospital; the difference between men and women in this respect was significant (P<.001). At least 2 different transport methods were used by 29.2%. Conclusions: The variability of patient responses to the onset of coronary symptoms suggests that these patients lack information about what measures to take. We detected significant differences between men and women with respect to both their perception of their clinical condition and how to seek care.
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    A tool to analyse gender mainstreaming and care-giving models in support plans for informal care: case studies in Andalusia and the United Kingdom
    (Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2007-11-13) García Calvente, María del Mar; Castaño López, Esther; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Maroto Navarro, Gracia; Ruiz Cantero, María Teresa
    Objective: To present a tool to analyse the design of support plans for informal care from a gender perspective, using the plans in Andalusia and the United Kingdom as case studies. Methodology: A tool was drawn up to analyse gender mainstreaming and care-giving models involved in the documents. In the gender mainstreaming aspect, a symbolic dimension (gender mainstreaming in the plan’s theoretical framework and analysis of situation) and an operational dimension (gender mainstreaming in the plan’s proposals and actions) were defined. Four care-giving models were analysed using the following categories: the plan’s definition of carer, focal point of interest, objectives and acknowledgement or otherwise of conflict of interests. A qualitative discourse analysis methodology was used. Results: The analysis tool used shows that the plans do not incorporate gender mainstreaming systematically, but there are interesting aspects from a gender perspective that are present at both a symbolic and an operational level. Both plans use a combination of care-giving models, but the model for superseding informal care is not included in either plan. Conclusions: The proposed tool proved useful for the examination of the gender perspective in the formulation of the plans selected for analysis. Both plans introduce measures to improve the quality of life of informal carers. However, gender mainstreaming also implies interventions that will change situations of sexual inequality and injustice that occur in informal care in the long term. Likewise, aspects of feminist theory must be considered in order to draw up plans and policies that are sensitive to informal care and the emancipation of women carers.
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    Exposure to psychosocial risks at work in prisons: does contact with inmates matter? A pilot study among prison workers in Spain
    (Wiley, 2011-04-13) Ghaddar, Ali; Ronda, Elena; Nolasco, Andreu; Álvares, Nahum; Mateo Rodríguez, Inmaculada
    Research has lately increased its focus on work conditions as predictors of stress among prison workers but only few studies have focused on how the exposure of workers to psychosocial risks vary according to their occupational groups and their contact with inmates. Work psychosocial risks (demands, control and social support) were assessed using the Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire among 164 Spanish prison workers (43 per cent of those surveyed). Regression analysis was used to explore how psychosocial hazards and their combinations (outcome variables) vary according to occupational groups. Results suggest that psychosocial risks were highest among guards that have more contact with inmates. Implications of the findings for policy making and practice application are discussed